Interim Dividend Jobs in Usa

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We’re committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that’s welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.

TheBoeing Company is seeking AssociateSystems Engineers to join one of our St. Louis, MO (Berkeley, Hazelwood, Saint Charles) based teams. Our St. Louis based teams are responsible for development, production, trainers, and sustainment for some of the most advanced defense and weapon systems in the world – including, but not limited to: Fighters/Tactical (F-47, F-15, F/A-18, F-22, & T-7A), Autonomous Systems (MQ-25), Precision Engagement Systems (JDAM, SDB, etc), and other advanced proprietary systems (Phantom Works) and platforms (AH-64, P-8, C-17, etc.).

Our teams are currently hiring a broad range of Associate Systems Engineers in the following disciplines:

• Systems Architecture, Requirements and Interfaces Definition

• Systems Integration, Verification, & Validation

• Reliability, Maintainability, & System Health

• Human Factors & Ergonomics

• Operations / Systems Analysis

• Flight Crew Operations Integrations

• Crew Station Design & Integration

Position Responsibilities:

• Contribute to systems engineering efforts on new development, production, and/or sustainment programs, ensuring alignment with program goals and objectives

• Work with teams across disciplines to write and keep system requirements, interfaces, verification, and test criteria up to date

• Perform analyses for affordability, safety, reliability, maintainability, testability, human factors, survivability, vulnerability, security, and product assurance

• Support program design reviews and technical assessments

• Track and update requirements, risks/issues/opportunities, tools, and technology readiness

• Help adopt and use modern systems engineering methods (for example, Model-Based Systems Engineering)

This position is expected to be 100% onsite (no hybrid or remote options). The selected candidate will be required to work onsite at one of the listed location options.

Travel may be required; Domestically and/or Internationally depending on business needs.

This position requires the ability to obtain a U.S. Security Clearance for which the U.S. Government requires U.S. Citizenship.

• An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required

• Special Program Access or other Government Access Requirements may be required for these positions

Basic Qualifications (Required Skills/Experience):

• Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering, Engineering Technology (including Manufacturing Technology), Computer Science, Data Science, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry or non-US equivalent qualifications directly related to the work statement

• 2 or more years' related engineering experience

Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills/Experience):

• Active U.S. Security Clearance

• Prior Systems Engineering experience (i.e. system design, functional decomposition, requirements development, analysis, verification, and validation)

• Experience with Aircraft, Mission Systems and/or Weapon System development

• Experience with verification and/or certification efforts (including supporting military safety critical and/or mission critical system hardware and software certification)

• Experience collaborating with multi-discipline teams to support technical program reviews

• Experience with Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) tools, such as Cameo, MSOSA or similar Systems Modeling Language (SysML)-compatible tool for systems architecture and model development

• Technical understanding and experience with any of the following: DOORS, Cadece/Pspice, Python, C#, C++, JavaScript, Visual Studio, Subversion, Azure DevOps, Git, CAFTA, ReliaSoft or FaultTree+

Drug Free Workplace:

Boeing is a Drug Free Workplace where post offer applicants and employees are subject to testing for marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, PCP, and alcohol when criteria is met as outlined in our policies.

At Boeing, we strive to deliver a Total Rewards package that will attract, engage and retain the top talent. Elements of the Total Rewards package include competitive base pay and variable compensation opportunities.

The Boeing Company also provides eligible employees with an opportunity to enroll in a variety of benefit programs, generally including health insurance, flexible spending accounts, health savings accounts, retirement savings plans, life and disability insurance programs, and a number of programs that provide for both paid and unpaid time away from work.

The specific programs and options available to any given employee may vary depending on eligibility factors such as geographic location, date of hire, and the applicability of collective bargaining agreements.

Pay is based upon candidate experience and qualifications, as well as market and business considerations.

Summary pay range:

Level 2: $91,800 - $124,200

The Boeing 401(k) helps you save for your future, with contributions from Boeing that can help you grow your retirement savings. Our best-in-class retirement benefit features:

• Best in class 401(k) plan: we'll match your contributions dollar for dollar, up to 10% of eligible pay with Immediate 100% vesting

• Student Loan Match: The Boeing 401(k) Student Loan Match allows eligible enrolled U.S. employees to have their qualified student loan debt payments counted, along with any match-eligible contributions they make, for purposes of determining the Company Match to employees' Boeing 401(k) accounts.

Applications for this position will be accepted until Apr. 01, 2026

Education

Bachelor's Degree or Equivalent Required

Relocation

This position offers relocation based on candidate eligibility.

Security Clearance

This position requires the ability to obtain a U.S. Security Clearance for which the U.S. Government requires U.S. Citizenship. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Visa Sponsorship

Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.

Shift

This position is for 1st shift

Equal Opportunity Employer:

Boeing is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Employment decisions are made without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military/veteran status or other characteristics protected by law.

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We’re committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that’s welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.

The Boeing Company is seeking a Systems Engineers to join one of ourSt. Louis, MO(Berkeley, Hazelwood, Saint Charles) based teams. Our St. Louis based teams are responsible for development, production, trainers, and sustainment for some of the most advanced defense and weapon systems in the world – including, but not limited to: Fighters/Tactical (F-47, F-15, F/A-18, F-22, & T-7A), Autonomous Systems (MQ-25), Precision Engagement Systems (JDAM, SDB, etc), and other advanced proprietary systems (Phantom Works) and platforms (AH-64, P-8, C-17, etc.).

Our teams are currently hiring for a broad range of experience Systems Engineering disciplines including, Experienced and Lead Levels:

• Systems Architecture, Requirements and Interfaces Definition

• Systems Integration, Verification, & Validation

• Reliability, Maintainability, & System Health

• Human Factors & Ergonomics

• Operations / Systems Analysis

• Flight Crew Operations Integrations

• Crew Station Design & Integration

Position Responsibilities:

• Lead the systems engineering effortson new development, production, and/or sustainment programs, ensuring alignment with program goals and objectives.

• Translate customer and operational needs into system performance requirements.

• Guide cross-functional teams to define and maintain system requirements, interfaces, behaviors, and verification criteria for complex systems

• Perform analyses in affordability, safety, reliability, maintainability, testability, human factors, survivability, vulnerability, security, certification, and product assurance to achieve mission success.

• Run design reviews and technical assessments, giving recommendations to improve system performance and reliability.

• Maintain and improve requirements management, risk/issues/opportunity tracking, tools, and technology readiness assessment processes.

• Lead the program in implementing and/or adopting the latest SE methodologies (e.g. Model Based Systems Engineering) to meet customer expectations

• Mentor, coach and advise engineers across the program in SE tools, techniques, planning and strategy.

This position is expected to be 100% onsite (no hybrid or remote options). The selected candidate will be required to work onsite at one of the listed location options.

Travel may be required; Domestically and/or Internationally depending on business needs.

This position requires the ability to obtain a U.S. Security Clearance for which the U.S. Government requires U.S. Citizenship.

• An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start isrequired

• Special Program Access or other Government Access Requirements may be required for these positions

Basic Qualifications (Required Skills/Experience):

• Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering, Engineering Technology (including Manufacturing Technology), Computer Science, Data Science, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry or non-US equivalent qualifications directly related to the work statement

• 4 or more years' related engineering experience

• Prior Systems Engineering experience (i.e. system design, functional decomposition, requirements development, analysis, verification, and validation)

Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills/Experience):

• Level 4: 7 or more years' related work experience or an equivalent combination of education and experience

• Active U.S. Security Clearance

• Leadership experience to include but not limited to engineering leadership roles and/or leading work and driving teams to success

• Experience with Aircraft, Mission Systems and/or Weapon System development

• Experience with verification and/or certification efforts (including supporting military safety critical and/or mission critical system hardware and software certification)

• Experience leading cross-IPT architecture development

• Experience leading systems engineering efforts supporting major program milestone reviews and proposal efforts

• Experience with Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) tools, such as Cameo, MSOSA or similar Systems Modeling Language (SysML)-compatible tool for systems architecture and model development

• Technical understanding and experience with any of the following: DOORS, Cadece/Pspice, Python, C#, C++, JavaScript, Visual Studio, Subversion, Azure DevOps, Git, CAFTA, ReliaSoftor FaultTree+

Drug Free Workplace:

Boeing is a Drug Free Workplace where post offer applicants and employees are subject to testing for marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, PCP, and alcohol when criteria is met as outlined in our policies.

At Boeing, we strive to deliver a Total Rewards package that will attract, engage and retain the top talent. Elements of the Total Rewards package include competitive base pay and variable compensation opportunities.

The Boeing Company also provides eligible employees with an opportunity to enroll in a variety of benefit programs, generally including health insurance, flexible spending accounts, health savings accounts, retirement savings plans, life and disability insurance programs, and a number of programs that provide for both paid and unpaid time away from work.

The specific programs and options available to any given employee may vary depending on eligibility factors such as geographic location, date of hire, and the applicability of collective bargaining agreements.

Pay is based upon candidate experience and qualifications, as well as market and business considerations.

Summary pay range:

Level 3: $112,200 - $151,800

Level 4: $136,650 - $185,150

The Boeing 401(k) helps you save for your future, with contributions from Boeing that can help you grow your retirement savings. Our best-in-class retirement benefit features:

• Best in class 401(k) plan: we'll match your contributions dollar for dollar, up to 10% of eligible pay with Immediate 100% vesting

• Student Loan Match: The Boeing 401(k) Student Loan Match allows eligible enrolled U.S. employees to have their qualified student loan debt payments counted, along with any match-eligible contributions they make, for purposes of determining the Company Match to employees' Boeing 401(k) accounts.

Applications for this position will be accepted until Apr. 01, 2026

Education

Bachelor's Degree or Equivalent Required

Relocation

This position offers relocation based on candidate eligibility.

Security Clearance

This position requires the ability to obtain a U.S. Security Clearance for which the U.S. Government requires U.S. Citizenship. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Visa Sponsorship

Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.

Shift

This position is for 1st shift

Equal Opportunity Employer:

Boeing is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Employment decisions are made without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military/veteran status or other characteristics protected by law.

Date Posted:

Country:

Location:

Position Role Type:

U.S. Citizen, U.S. Person, or Immigration Status Requirements:

Security Clearance Type:

Security Clearance Status:

At Raytheon, the foundation of everything we do is rooted in our values and a higher calling – to help our nation and allies defend freedoms and deter aggression. We bring the strength of more than 100 years of experience and renowned engineering expertise to meet the needs of today’s mission and stay ahead of tomorrow’s threat. Our team solves tough, meaningful problems that create a safer, more secure world.

This I4.0 Automation role merges technical, manufacturing leadership to drive automation sustainment across Raytheon.  The role has a foundation in controls programming but offers significant opportunities for growth through technical leadership, employee development, and coordination across functions to execute initiatives. The candidate will work in a highly collaborative team of engineers and leaders.  

What You Will Do

• Provide troubleshooting and debug support for 30+ pieces of custom robotic systems around the factory 
• Provide technical leadership through issue resolution  
• Lead sustainment meetings to prioritize issues and track through resolution using Azure DevOps  
• Technical liaison between factory, facilities, and leadership for Total Preventative Maintenance (TPM), spares management, and production sustainment execution 
• Support production prove-in of new automation equipment 
• Provide troubleshooting and debug support for production systems.   
• Contribute to the overall manufacturing technology strategy for the business.

Qualifications You Must Have

• Typically requires a degree in Science, Technology, Engineering or Mathematics (STEM) and a minimum of 10 years of prior relevant experience unless prohibitedby local laws/regulations or 7+ years with an advanced STEM degree in Engineering. 
• Experience in integrating control systems (i.e. actuators, sensors, controls, robotics, and vision systems). 
• Experience in PLC and HMI programming (Rockwell preferred) 
• Experience programming robots (Fanuc preferred) 
• Knowledge of safety standards and compliance (OSHA, NFPA, RIA) 
• The ability to obtain and maintain a U.S. government issued Secret security clearance is required on day 1 (active or interim).  U.S. citizenship is required, as only U.S. citizens are eligible for a security clearance 

Qualifications We Prefer

• Strategic vision and experience implementing emerging technologies 
• Strong technical leadership and problem-solving skills  
• Keyence, Cognex, or iRVision experience 
• Proficiency with agile methods and tools (Azure Devops preferred) 
• Software programming (Ignition platform, Python, MSSQL) 
• Experience in control system design and documentation (AutoCAD Electrical) 
• Strong knowledge of manufacturing or process automation 
• Active DoD Secret Clearance 

What We Offer

Our values drive our actions, behaviors, and performance with a vision for a safer, more connected world. At RTX we value: Trust, Respect, Accountability, Collaboration, and Innovation.

This position is NOT eligible for Relocation

Learn More & Apply Now!

RTX solves some of the toughest challenges in aerospace and defense. That requires expansive thinking and bold innovation – and that, in turn, requires a culture that is based on merit, excellence and innovation. We embrace individuality of thought to fuel opportunity for our employees, our customers, and our communities. We work toward progress, knowing that a more innovative world is critical to our mission. Not just in this moment, but always.

As part of our commitment to maintaining a secure hiring process, candidates may be asked to attend select steps of the interview process in-person at one of our office locations, regardless of whether the role is designated as on-site, hybrid or remote.

RTX is an Equal Opportunity Employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, age, disability or veteran status, or any other applicable state or federal protected class. RTX provides affirmative action in employment for qualified Individuals with a Disability and Protected Veterans in compliance with Section 503 of the Rehabilitation Act and the Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act.

Privacy Policy and Terms:

Click on this link to read the Policy and Terms

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We’re committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that’s welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.

Boeing Defense, Space & Security (BDS) is seeking a Senior Systems Health & Integrated Diagnostics Engineer (Level 5) to join the Reliability, Maintainability & System Health team in Berkeley, MO.

You will lead the development, integration, verification, and delivery of System Health models and comprehensive health-management capabilities that ensure safe and reliable mission execution. This role encompasses systems engineering, RAM (reliability, availability, and maintainability) modeling, supplier collaboration, and cross-disciplinary leadership.

Position Responsibilities

• Lead the technical team to design, develop, test, and deliver Integrated Health Management (IHM) and System Health models using Reliability, Availability, Maintainability & Cost (RAMC) tools and best practices.
• Translate customer requirements into compliant system-level health architectures and verification plans.
• Drive systems-of-systems trades and analyses to optimize system health, reliability, maintainability, availability and lifecycle cost.
• Coordinate and verify supplier deliverables (models, test evidence, requirements traceability) and lead supplier technical reviews.
• Collaborate closely with hardware, software, diagnostics, and avionics integration teams to ensure consistent system health implementation.
• Define, manage and validate requirements; create and maintain requirements traceability, risk and opportunity registers, and test strategies.
• Plan and execute validation & verification (V&V) activities for internal, supplier, and contract/product specifications.
• Provide subject matter expertise and technical support to MQ-25 and other Air Dominance programs on health management topics.
• Mentor and develop team members; communicate technical progress and risks to program leadership and customers.

Travel may be required up to 10% of the time; Domestically and/or internationally depending on business needs.

This position requires the ability to obtain a U.S. Security Clearance for which the U.S. Government requires U.S. Citizenship. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required

Basic Qualifications (Required Skills/Experience)

• Bachelor of Science degree from an accredited course of study in engineering, engineering technology (including manufacturing engineering technology), chemistry, physics, mathematics, data science, or computer science
• 14+ years related work experience or an equivalent combination of technical education and experience
• 3+ years’ experience with cross-functional leadership, collaborative problem solving, building lasting relationships & proficiency in written and verbal communication

Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills/Experience)

• Hands-on experience with health modeling and integrated diagnostics approaches and tools.
• Strong systems engineering skills: requirements development/management, V&V, and trades analysis.
• Direct aircraft maintenance or sustainment experience.
• Familiarity with RAMC toolset and related reliability modeling packages.
• Experience with FMECA (Failure Modes, Effects & Criticality Analysis).
• Demonstrated experience in Reliability, Maintainability, and System Health engineering.

Conflict of Interest

Successful candidates for this job must satisfy the Company’s Conflict of Interest (COI) assessment process.

Drug Free Workplace

Boeing is a Drug Free Workplace where post offer applicants and employees are subject to testing for marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, PCP, and alcohol when criteria is met as outlined in our policies.

Employee Referral

Referral to this job is eligible for bonus to qualifying candidates.

Total Rewards

At Boeing, we strive to deliver a Total Rewards package that will attract, engage and retain the top talent. Elements of the Total Rewards package include competitive base pay and variable compensation opportunities.

The Boeing Company also provides eligible employees with an opportunity to enroll in a variety of benefit programs, generally including health insurance, flexible spending accounts, health savings accounts, retirement savings plans, life and disability insurance programs, and a number of programs that provide for both paid and unpaid time away from work.

The specific programs and options available to any given employee may vary depending on eligibility factors such as geographic location, date of hire, and the applicability of collective bargaining agreements.

The Boeing 401(k) helps you save for your future, with contributions from Boeing that can help you grow your retirement savings. Our best-in-class retirement benefit features:

• Best in class 401(k) plan: we'll match your contributions dollar for dollar, up to 10% of eligible pay with Immediate 100% vesting
• Student Loan Match: The Boeing 401(k) Student Loan Match allows eligible enrolled U.S. employees to have their qualified student loan debt payments counted, along with any match-eligible contributions they make, for purposes of determining the Company Match to employees' Boeing 401(k) accounts.

Pay is based upon candidate experience and qualifications, as well as market and business considerations. Summary pay range: $164,900 – $223,100

Applications for this position will be accepted until Apr. 01, 2026

Education

Bachelor's Degree or Equivalent Required

Relocation

This position offers relocation based on candidate eligibility.

Security Clearance

This position requires the ability to obtain a U.S. Security Clearance for which the U.S. Government requires U.S. Citizenship. An interim and/or final U.S. Top Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Visa Sponsorship

Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.

Shift

This position is for 1st shift

Equal Opportunity Employer:

Boeing is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Employment decisions are made without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military/veteran status or other characteristics protected by law.

RELOCATION ASSISTANCE: Relocation assistance may be available

At Northrop Grumman, our employees have incredible opportunities to work on revolutionary systems that impact peoples lives around the world today, and for generations to come. Our pioneering and inventive spirit has enabled us to be at the forefront of many technological advancements in our nations history - from the first flight across the Atlantic Ocean, to stealth bombers, to landing on the moon. We look for people who have bold new ideas, courage and a pioneering spirit to join forces to invent the future and have fun along the way. Our culture thrives on intellectual curiosity, cognitive diversity and bringing your whole self to work — and we have an insatiable drive to do what others think is impossible. Our employees are not only part of history, theyre making history.

Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems has an opening for a Flight Avionics Electronics Engineer/Principal Flight Avionics Electronics Engineer to join our team of qualified, diverse individuals. This position will be in Melbourne, FL.

This position may be filled by either at the Flight Avionics Electronics Engineer level OR at the Principal Flight Avionics Electronics Engineer level based on the qualifications listed.

The Electronics Engineer will be responsible for supporting the development and execution of the program. This person will serve as a junior engineer, supporting Avionics Integration of Aircraft flight deck Systems to achieve certification of CNS/ATM capabilities.

Roles and Responsibilities:

• Provide Avionics Integration engineering support for the integration of aircraft flight deck systems and components including Flight Management Systems (FMS), Flight Management Computers (FMCs), Primary Flight Displays (PFDs), Terrain Avoidance and Warning Systems (TAWS), Crew Alerting System (CAS), Moving Maps, and other various avionics systems.

• Assist in the preparation and support the verification of aircraft avionics and Prime Mission Equipment installations and aircraft certification documents.

• Provide Critical Skills to teams with internal and external knowledge of the technical industry and how it impacts the company. Serves as an expert for Avionics Flight Management Integration.

• Provide support for the development of system safety documents.

• Create aircraft system schematics to support air vehicle wiring diagrams.

• Development and analysis of requirements and supporting trade studies.

• Manage suppliers, review and analysis of supplier design data, definition of functional test requirements including acceptance, qualification, and system integration, and support test execution.

• Informal and formal testing of subsystem requirements in lab, troubleshooting hardware in the lab.

• Supporting flight test activities and post flight data analysis, and resolution of flight test anomalies.

A successful Flight Avionics Engineer has good leadership skills and understands the scope of the work and the impact of the work on other teams. This individual consistently brings up concerns, issues and risks, and holds themselves to a high level of technical rigor.

Basic Qualifications:

Flight Avionics Electronics Engineer (T02):

• Must have a Bachelor’s degree in a Science, Technology, Engineering or Mathematics (STEM) discipline from an accredited university AND 2 years of related professional/military experience in Engineering; OR a Master’s degree in a (STEM) discipline from an accredited university AND 0 years of related professional/military experience in Engineering; or a Ph.D. (STEM) AND 0 years of related professional/military experience in Engineering.

• Active DoD Secret Clearance

• Ability to obtain and maintain active DoD Top Secret Clearance (interim needed to start)

• Experience with MIL-STD-1553, ARINC 429 and Ethernet communication protocols

Basic Qualifications:

Principal Flight Avionics Electronics Engineer (T03):

• Must have a Bachelor’s degree in a Science, Technology, Engineering or Mathematics (STEM) discipline from an accredited university AND 5 years of related professional/military experience in Engineering; OR a Master’s degree in a (STEM) discipline from an accredited university AND 3 years of related professional/military experience in Engineering; or a Ph.D. (STEM) AND 0 years of related professional/military experience in Engineering.

• Active DoD Secret Clearance

• Ability to obtain and maintain active DoD Top Secret Clearance (interim needed to start)

• Experience with MIL-STD-1553, ARINC 429 and Ethernet communication protocols

Preferred Qualifications:

• Communication, Navigation, Surveillance/Air Traffic Management (CNS/ATM) experience

• Experience with system modeling and requirements management tools (Cameo, DOORS, Rhapsody, etc.), developing/maturing requirements, and tracing requirements through various levels

• Experience with Supplier Management of avionics equipment

• Experience with at least one of the flight certification standards listed in the preferred qualifications (PBN, RNAV, RNP, CNS/ATM, DO-178/254/200/160)

• Performance Based Navigation (PBN) experience and attaining PBN certification

• Required Navigation Performance (RNP)/ Area Navigation (RNAV) certification experience

• Experience designing to RTCA DO-178 software standard for RNP RNAV certification

• Experience designing to RTCA DO-254 hardware standard for airborne electronic systems

• Experience designing to RTCA DO-200 standard for processing aeronautical data

• Experience designing to RTCA DO-160 and MIL-STD-810 standards for environmental qualifications

• Confluence and Jira Experience

Date Posted:

Country:

Location:

Position Role Type:

U.S. Citizen, U.S. Person, or Immigration Status Requirements:

Security Clearance Type:

Security Clearance Status:

At Raytheon, the foundation of everything we do is rooted in our values and a higher calling – to help our nation and allies defend freedoms and deter aggression. We bring the strength of more than 100 years of experience and renowned engineering expertise to meet the needs of today’s mission and stay ahead of tomorrow’s threat. Our team solves tough, meaningful problems that create a safer, more secure world.

The Systems Effectors: Processing, Guidance & Control Center is responsible for algorithm development including Guidance, Navigation, and Control; radio frequency (RF) and electro-optical/infrared (EO-IR) Signal Processing (SP); and missile- and sensor-level Modeling and Simulation for Raytheons broad portfolio of projects, programs, and products. In the GNC department, we design, integrate, and optimize effector guidance, tracking, navigation, and estimation algorithms to meet mission objectives. We support new business initiatives and help develop & execute technology roadmaps.

The Effectors PG&C Center is currently hiring for a Sr. Principal Systems Engineer - Missile Guidance, Navigation, & Control Engineer position in Tucson, AZ to support execution of the portfolio of current and upcoming missile programs. As a Sr. Principal Systems Engineer - Missile Guidance, Navigation, & Control Engineer , you will play a critical role in helping with the evaluation, design, implementation, and integration of embedded software algorithms. You will collaborate with a team of engineers in an integrated product team that will be responsible for tactical embedded software, firmware, and integrated flight software 6 Degrees-of-Freedom simulations to achieve overall system performance requirements. This position is an onsite role located in Tucson, AZ. 

What You Will Do

• Development, integration, and testing of embedded tactical missile flight code

• Definition and execution of system level performance studies and analyses to inform the development and integration of new capabilities, refinement of existing capability, or to address obsolescence

• Work within an agile framework to lead development of backlogs, plans, and metrics

• Provide experience and guidance to help the program train new engineers and execute efficiently and effectively

• Support missile performance analysis including model development, system optimization, and Monte Carlo assessments with expected system disturbances.

Qualifications You Must Have

• Typically requires a Bachelor’s degree in Engineering, Science, Physics, Mathematics, or a related STEM degree and a minimum of 10 years prior relevant experience

• GNC, Signal Processing, and/or Modeling / Simulation experience

• Engineering experience in missile system applications to include at least three of the following or subject matter expertise in at least one:

  • Digital and/or modern control systems

  • Dynamics

  • Kalman filter design

  • Monte Carlo analysis

  • Development and/or simulation of physical systems

  • Signal processing

  • Verification and validation

  • System-level performance assessments

  • GPS/INS navigation systems, sensors, and algorithms

  • Assured Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (APNT) systems, sensors, and algorithms for navigation in GPS-degraded environments

• Experience with MATLAB, Python, C, C++, and/or Object-Oriented design

• Experience with GNC and/or Signal Processing algorithms within a simulation or physical environment

• Experience managing or leading others in a technical and/or functional capacity within an engineering environment

• Ability to obtain an Interim Secret U.S. government issued Security Clearance is required prior to start date with the ability to obtain special program access after start. U.S. citizenship is required, as only U.S. citizens are eligible for a security clearance.

Qualifications We Prefer

• Advanced Degree in Engineering, Science, Physics, Mathematics, or a related STEM degree with 10 or more years of GNC, Signal Processing, and/or Modeling / Simulation experience

• Ability to communicate effectively with executive leadership and customers regarding matters of significant importance

• Ability to balance multiple concurrent priorities with overlapping deadline in an Agile environment

• Subject Matter Expert in at least one of the following areas: RF algorithm design, GNC algorithm design, autopilot algorithm design or Software in Simulation

• Experience with and demonstrable achievement in systems engineering principals with regards to product development

• Engineering team leadership

What We Offer

• Our values drive our actions, behaviors, and performance with a vision for a safer, more connected world. At RTX we value: Safety, Trust, Respect, Accountability, Collaboration, and Innovation.

• Relocation Eligible - relocation assistance is available for this position

Learn More & Apply Now!

• Please consider the following role type definition as you apply for this role . Onsite : Employees who are working in Onsite roles will work primarily onsite. This includes all production and maintenance employees, as they are essential to the development of our products.

• This position requires onsite work in Tucson, AZ:

As part of our commitment to maintaining a secure hiring process, candidates may be asked to attend select steps of the interview process in-person at one of our office locations, regardless of whether the role is designated as on-site, hybrid or remote.

RTX is an Equal Opportunity Employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, age, disability or veteran status, or any other applicable state or federal protected class. RTX provides affirmative action in employment for qualified Individuals with a Disability and Protected Veterans in compliance with Section 503 of the Rehabilitation Act and the Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act.

Privacy Policy and Terms:

Click on this link to read the Policy and Terms

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We’re committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that’s welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.

Boeing St. Louis is building the future ‒ creating innovative solutions that will define the next generation of aerospace. We are currently seeking Experienced or SeniorMechanical System Design Engineers to develop, maintain and modify air vehicle subsystems (Armament, Crew Systems, Environmental Cooling, Equipment, Fuel, Hydraulics, Landing Gear, Mechanisms and Thermodynamic) and component designs, using 3-D Computer Aided Design tools and/or other design methods, to provide product definition to other engineering groups, production operations, suppliers and external customers throughout the product lifecycle.

These positions are located in the St. Louis region and support current and emerging aircraft programs as part of the Air Dominance division in Boeing Defense Space and Security(BDS).

Positions will be located at one of the listed locations: Berkeley, MO; Hazelwood, MO; St. Louis, MO; St. Charles, MO; Mascoutah, IL.

Position Responsibilities:

Level 3

• Develop, integrate and document air vehicle subsystems requirements to establish the system design

• Develop, maintain and modify air vehicle subsystems and component designs, using 3-D Computer Aided Design tools and/or other design methods, to provide product definition to other engineering groups, production operations, suppliers and external customers throughout the product lifecycle

• Perform, integrate analytical and test results to validate and verify systems and components meet requirements and specifications

• Manage supplier development, test and production activities and coordinates with the supplier to optimize the design and achieve program goals

• Develop new design/analysis processes and tools to improve the effectiveness, quality and efficiency of the development effort

• Investigate emerging technologies to develop concepts for future product designs to meet projected requirements

• Work under general direction

Level 4

• Develop, integrate and document air vehicle subsystems requirements to establish the system design

• Develop, maintain and modify air vehicle subsystem and component designs, using 3-D Computer Aided Design tools and/or other design methods, to provide product definition to other engineering groups, production operations, suppliers and external customers throughout the product lifecycle

• Lead performance, integration and analysis of tests to validate and verify systems and components meet requirements and specifications

• Manage supplier development, test and production activities and coordinates with the supplier to optimize the design and achieve program goals

• Assist with investigation of emerging technologies to develop concepts for future product designs to meet projected requirements

• Work under minimal direction

Basic Qualifications (Required Skills / Experience):

• Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering (with a focus on Mechanical, Civil, Aerospace Aeronautical or Material Sciences)

• Level 3: 5 or more years' related work experience or an equivalent combination of technical education and experience

• Level 4: 9 or more years' related work experience or an equivalent combination of technical education and experience

• Experience using NX / Teamcenter and familiarity with reading 2-D drawings

• This position requires the ability to obtain a US Security Clearance for which the US Government requires US Citizenship as a condition of employment. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills / Experience):

• Structural Design experience on military or commercial aircraft

Successful candidates for this job must satisfy the Company's Conflict of Interest (COI) assessment process.

Drug Free Workplace:

Boeing is a Drug Free Workplace where post offer applicants and employees are subject to testing for marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, PCP, and alcohol when criteria is met as outlined in our policies.

At Boeing, we strive to deliver a Total Rewards package that will attract, engage and retain the top talent. Elements of the Total Rewards package include competitive base pay and variable compensation opportunities.

The Boeing Company also provides eligible employees with an opportunity to enroll in a variety of benefit programs, generally including health insurance, flexible spending accounts, health savings accounts, retirement savings plans, life and disability insurance programs, and a number of programs that provide for both paid and unpaid time away from work.

The specific programs and options available to any given employee may vary depending on eligibility factors such as geographic location, date of hire, and the applicability of collective bargaining agreements.

The Boeing 401(k) helps you save for your future, with contributions from Boeing that can help you grow your retirement savings. Our best-in-class retirement benefit features:

• Best in class 401(k) plan: we'll match your contributions dollar for dollar, up to 10% of eligible pay with Immediate 100% vesting

• Student Loan Match: The Boeing 401(k) Student Loan Match allows eligible enrolled U.S. employees to have their qualified student loan debt payments counted, along with any match-eligible contributions they make, for purposes of determining the Company Match to employees' Boeing 401(k) accounts.

Pay is based upon candidate experience and qualifications, as well as market and business considerations.

Summary Pay Range:

Level 3: $103,700 - $140,300

Level 4: $126,650 - $171,350

Applications for this position will be accepted until Mar. 25, 2026

Education

Bachelor's Degree or Equivalent Required

Relocation

This position offers relocation based on candidate eligibility.

Security Clearance

This position requires the ability to obtain a U.S. Security Clearance for which the U.S. Government requires U.S. Citizenship. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Visa Sponsorship

Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.

Shift

This position is for 1st shift

Equal Opportunity Employer:

Boeing is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Employment decisions are made without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military/veteran status or other characteristics protected by law.

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We’re committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that’s welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.

Boeing St. Louis is building the future ‒ creating innovative solutions that will define the next generation of aerospace. We are currently seeking Experienced or SeniorStructural Design Engineers to develop, maintain and modify structural and interior payload system and component designs, using 3-D Computer Aided Design tools and/or other design methods, to provide product definition to other engineering groups, production operations, suppliers and external customers throughout the product lifecycle.

These positions are located in the St. Louis region and support current and emerging aircraft programs as part of the Air Dominance division in Boeing Defense Space and Security(BDS).

Positions will be located at one of the listed locations: Berkeley, MO; Hazelwood, MO; St. Louis, MO; St. Charles, MO; Mascoutah, IL.

Position Responsibilities:

Level 3

• Develop, integrate and document structural and interior payload system requirements to establish the system design

• Develop, maintain and modify structural and interior payload system and component designs, using 3-D Computer Aided Design tools and/or other design methods, to provide product definition to other engineering groups, production operations, suppliers and external customers throughout the product lifecycle

• Perform, integrate analytical and test results to validate and verify systems and components meet requirements and specifications

• Manage supplier development, test and production activities and coordinates with the supplier to optimize the design and achieve program goals

• Develop new design/analysis processes and tools to improve the effectiveness, quality and efficiency of the development effort

• Investigate emerging technologies to develop concepts for future product designs to meet projected requirements

• Work under general direction

Level 4

• Develop, integrate and document structural and interior payload system requirements to establish the system design

• Develop, maintain and modify structural and interior payload system and component designs, using 3-D Computer Aided Design tools and/or other design methods, to provide product definition to other engineering groups, production operations, suppliers and external customers throughout the product lifecycle

• Lead performance, integration and analysis of tests to validate and verify systems and components meet requirements and specifications

• Manage supplier development, test and production activities and coordinates with the supplier to optimize the design and achieve program goals

• Assist with investigation of emerging technologies to develop concepts for future product designs to meet projected requirements

• Work under minimal direction

Basic Qualifications (Required Skills / Experience):

• Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering (with a focus on Mechanical, Civil, Aerospace Aeronautical or Material Sciences)

• Level 3: 5 or more years' related work experience or an equivalent combination of technical education and experience

• Level 4: 9 or more years' related work experience or an equivalent combination of technical education and experience

• Experience using NX / Teamcenter and familiarity with reading 2-D drawings

• This position requires the ability to obtain a US Security Clearance for which the US Government requires US Citizenship as a condition of employment. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills / Experience):

• Structural Design experience on military or commercial aircraft

Successful candidates for this job must satisfy the Company's Conflict of Interest (COI) assessment process.

Drug Free Workplace:

Boeing is a Drug Free Workplace where post offer applicants and employees are subject to testing for marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, PCP, and alcohol when criteria is met as outlined in our policies.

At Boeing, we strive to deliver a Total Rewards package that will attract, engage and retain the top talent. Elements of the Total Rewards package include competitive base pay and variable compensation opportunities.

The Boeing Company also provides eligible employees with an opportunity to enroll in a variety of benefit programs, generally including health insurance, flexible spending accounts, health savings accounts, retirement savings plans, life and disability insurance programs, and a number of programs that provide for both paid and unpaid time away from work.

The specific programs and options available to any given employee may vary depending on eligibility factors such as geographic location, date of hire, and the applicability of collective bargaining agreements.

The Boeing 401(k) helps you save for your future, with contributions from Boeing that can help you grow your retirement savings. Our best-in-class retirement benefit features:

• Best in class 401(k) plan: we'll match your contributions dollar for dollar, up to 10% of eligible pay with Immediate 100% vesting

• Student Loan Match: The Boeing 401(k) Student Loan Match allows eligible enrolled U.S. employees to have their qualified student loan debt payments counted, along with any match-eligible contributions they make, for purposes of determining the Company Match to employees' Boeing 401(k) accounts.

Pay is based upon candidate experience and qualifications, as well as market and business considerations.

Summary Pay Range:

Level 3: $103,700 - $140,300

Level 4: $126,650 - $171,350

Applications for this position will be accepted until Mar. 25, 2026

Education

Bachelor's Degree or Equivalent Required

Relocation

This position offers relocation based on candidate eligibility.

Security Clearance

This position requires the ability to obtain a U.S. Security Clearance for which the U.S. Government requires U.S. Citizenship. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Visa Sponsorship

Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.

Shift

This position is for 1st shift

Equal Opportunity Employer:

Boeing is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Employment decisions are made without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military/veteran status or other characteristics protected by law.

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We're committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that's welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.

Boeing St. Louis is building the future ‒ creating innovative solutions that will define the next generation of aerospace. We are currently seeking Experienced or SeniorMechanical System Design Engineers to develop, maintain and modify air vehicle subsystems (Armament, Crew Systems, Environmental Cooling, Equipment, Fuel, Hydraulics, Landing Gear, Mechanisms and Thermodynamic) and component designs, using 3-D Computer Aided Design tools and/or other design methods, to provide product definition to other engineering groups, production operations, suppliers and external customers throughout the product lifecycle.

These positions are located in the St. Louis region and support current and emerging aircraft programs as part of the Air Dominance division in Boeing Defense Space and Security(BDS).

Positions will be located at one of the listed locations: Berkeley, MO; Hazelwood, MO; St. Louis, MO; St. Charles, MO; Mascoutah, IL.

Position Responsibilities:

Level 3

• Develop, integrate and document air vehicle subsystems requirements to establish the system design
• Develop, maintain and modify air vehicle subsystems and component designs, using 3-D Computer Aided Design tools and/or other design methods, to provide product definition to other engineering groups, production operations, suppliers and external customers throughout the product lifecycle
• Perform, integrate analytical and test results to validate and verify systems and components meet requirements and specifications
• Manage supplier development, test and production activities and coordinates with the supplier to optimize the design and achieve program goals
• Develop new design/analysis processes and tools to improve the effectiveness, quality and efficiency of the development effort
• Investigate emerging technologies to develop concepts for future product designs to meet projected requirements
• Work under general direction

Level 4

• Develop, integrate and document air vehicle subsystems requirements to establish the system design
• Develop, maintain and modify air vehicle subsystem and component designs, using 3-D Computer Aided Design tools and/or other design methods, to provide product definition to other engineering groups, production operations, suppliers and external customers throughout the product lifecycle
• Lead performance, integration and analysis of tests to validate and verify systems and components meet requirements and specifications
• Manage supplier development, test and production activities and coordinates with the supplier to optimize the design and achieve program goals
• Assist with investigation of emerging technologies to develop concepts for future product designs to meet projected requirements
• Work under minimal direction

Basic Qualifications (Required Skills / Experience):

• Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering (with a focus on Mechanical, Civil, Aerospace Aeronautical or Material Sciences)
• Level 3: 5 or more years' related work experience or an equivalent combination of technical education and experience
• Level 4: 9 or more years' related work experience or an equivalent combination of technical education and experience
• Experience using NX / Teamcenter and familiarity with reading 2-D drawings
• This position requires the ability to obtain a US Security Clearance for which the US Government requires US Citizenship as a condition of employment. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills / Experience):

• Structural Design experience on military or commercial aircraft

Successful candidates for this job must satisfy the Company's Conflict of Interest (COI) assessment process.

Drug Free Workplace:

Boeing is a Drug Free Workplace where post offer applicants and employees are subject to testing for marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, PCP, and alcohol when criteria is met as outlined in our policies.

At Boeing, we strive to deliver a Total Rewards package that will attract, engage and retain the top talent. Elements of the Total Rewards package include competitive base pay and variable compensation opportunities.

The Boeing Company also provides eligible employees with an opportunity to enroll in a variety of benefit programs, generally including health insurance, flexible spending accounts, health savings accounts, retirement savings plans, life and disability insurance programs, and a number of programs that provide for both paid and unpaid time away from work.

The specific programs and options available to any given employee may vary depending on eligibility factors such as geographic location, date of hire, and the applicability of collective bargaining agreements.

The Boeing 401(k) helps you save for your future, with contributions from Boeing that can help you grow your retirement savings. Our best-in-class retirement benefit features:

• Best in class 401(k) plan: we'll match your contributions dollar for dollar, up to 10% of eligible pay with Immediate 100% vesting
• Student Loan Match: The Boeing 401(k) Student Loan Match allows eligible enrolled U.S. employees to have their qualified student loan debt payments counted, along with any match-eligible contributions they make, for purposes of determining the Company Match to employees' Boeing 401(k) accounts.

Pay is based upon candidate experience and qualifications, as well as market and business considerations.

Summary Pay Range:

Level 3: $103,700 - $140,300

Level 4: $126,650 - $171,350

Applications for this position will be accepted until Mar. 25, 2026

Education

Bachelor's Degree or Equivalent Required

Relocation

This position offers relocation based on candidate eligibility.

Security Clearance

This position requires the ability to obtain a U.S. Security Clearance for which the U.S. Government requires U.S. Citizenship. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Visa Sponsorship

Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.

Shift

This position is for 1st shift

Equal Opportunity Employer:

Boeing is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Employment decisions are made without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military/veteran status or other characteristics protected by law.

Job Description

At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. We’re committed to fostering an environment for every teammate that’s welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.

Boeing St. Louis is building the future ‒ creating innovative solutions that will define the next generation of aerospace. We are currently seeking Experienced or Senior Structural Analysis Engineers to verify structural integrity by using analytical methods, finite element models/simulations and other analysis tools throughout the product lifecycle to develop the structural environment, characteristics and performance.

These positions are located in the Greater St. Louis region and support current and emerging aircraft programs as part of the Air Dominance division in Boeing Defense Space and Security(BDS). Positions will be located at one of the listed locations: Berkeley, MO; Hazelwood, MO; St. Louis, MO; St. Charles, MO; Mascoutah, IL.

Position Responsibilities:

Level 3

• Develop, integrate and document structural requirements to establish the system design

• Coordinate with other engineering groups to establish the product's environment

• Guide product design and verify structural integrity by using analytical methods, finite element models/simulations and other analysis tools throughout the product lifecycle to develop the structural environment, characteristics and performance

• Develop test plans and configurations, support test execution and analyze/report test results to validate and verify systems and components meet requirements and specifications

• Define and document certification and test results to substantiate for customers and regulatory agencies that requirements are satisfied

• Support in-service products by investigating failures and analyzing improvements

• Works under general direction

Level 4

• Lead development, integration and documentation of structural requirements to establish the system design

• Coordinate with other engineering groups to establish the product's environment

• Guide product design and verifies structural integrity by using and developing analytical methods, finite element models/simulations and other analysis tools throughout the product lifecycle to develop the structural environment, characteristics and performance

• Lead development of test plans and configurations, support test execution and analyze/report test results to validate and verify systems and components meet requirements and specifications

• Define and document certification and test results to substantiate for customers and regulatory agencies that requirements are satisfied

• Support in-service products by leading investigations into failures and analyzing improvements

• Develop analytical processes/tools to improve effectiveness, quality and efficiency of the development effort

• Works under minimal direction.

Basic Qualifications (Required Skills / Experience):

• Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering (with a focus on Mechanical, Civil, Aerospace Aeronautical or Material Sciences)

• Level 3: 5 or more years' related work experience or an equivalent combination of technical education and experience

• Level 4: 9 or more years' related work experience or an equivalent combination of technical education and experience

• Experience performing hand calculations, using industry CAD system (NX/Teamcenter), FEM software (ABAQUS, PATRAN/NASTRAN, Stresscheck, Hyperworks)

• This position requires the ability to obtain a US Security Clearance for which the US Government requires US Citizenship as a condition of employment. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills / Experience):

• Experience with Boeing Analysis Tools (CAESAR, Lifeworks, Mechanica, Common Structures Workstation)

• Structural analysis experience on military or commercial aircraft

Successful candidates for this job must satisfy the Company's Conflict of Interest (COI) assessment process.

Drug Free Workplace:

Boeing is a Drug Free Workplace where post offer applicants and employees are subject to testing for marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, PCP, and alcohol when criteria is met as outlined in our policies.

At Boeing, we strive to deliver a Total Rewards package that will attract, engage and retain the top talent. Elements of the Total Rewards package include competitive base pay and variable compensation opportunities.

The Boeing Company also provides eligible employees with an opportunity to enroll in a variety of benefit programs, generally including health insurance, flexible spending accounts, health savings accounts, retirement savings plans, life and disability insurance programs, and a number of programs that provide for both paid and unpaid time away from work.

The specific programs and options available to any given employee may vary depending on eligibility factors such as geographic location, date of hire, and the applicability of collective bargaining agreements.

The Boeing 401(k) helps you save for your future, with contributions from Boeing that can help you grow your retirement savings. Our best-in-class retirement benefit features:

• Best in class 401(k) plan: we'll match your contributions dollar for dollar, up to 10% of eligible pay with Immediate 100% vesting

• Student Loan Match: The Boeing 401(k) Student Loan Match allows eligible enrolled U.S. employees to have their qualified student loan debt payments counted, along with any match-eligible contributions they make, for purposes of determining the Company Match to employees' Boeing 401(k) accounts.

Pay is based upon candidate experience and qualifications, as well as market and business considerations.

Summary Pay Range:

Level 3: $103,700 - $140,300

Level 4: $126,650 - $171,350

Applications for this position will be accepted until Mar. 25, 2026

Education

Bachelor's Degree or Equivalent Required

Relocation

This position offers relocation based on candidate eligibility.

Security Clearance

This position requires the ability to obtain a U.S. Security Clearance for which the U.S. Government requires U.S. Citizenship. An interim and/or final U.S. Secret Clearance Post-Start is required.

Visa Sponsorship

Employer will not sponsor applicants for employment visa status.

Shift

This position is for 1st shift

Equal Opportunity Employer:

Boeing is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Employment decisions are made without regard to race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, physical or mental disability, genetic factors, military/veteran status or other characteristics protected by law.