Jobs in San Jose, CA
907 positions found — Page 28
Make an Impact in our Home and Community Program and recieve a $10,000 Sign-on Bonus!
Who we are looking for:
- An experienced SLP, enthusiastic about providing functional rehabilitation wherever life happens, whether at home, school, work, or in the community
- You are ready to treat your patient beyond a staged environment into real life experiences like cooking in their kitchen, navigating grocery stores, restaurants, outdoor activities, and the workplace
- You thrive in an autonomous setting, and value being a part of a collaborative team of dynamic therapists
What you will receive:
- Free Continuing Education Hours
- Paid Time Off/Paid Holidays
- Medical/Dental/Vision/401K
- Work Life Balance
- Supportive Leadership and Team Environment
Responsibilities
What you will do: Responsibilities listed include but not limited to:
- Perform evaluations and develop treatment plans of patients with speech, language, cognitive and swallowing disorders
- Regularly re-assess effectiveness of treatment plans, attend staffing meetings and family conferences
- Perform discharge evaluations, make appropriate recommendations for home and community safety, and provide referral and education resources
- Communicate patient's needs and progress to the treatment team, physician, person receiving services and family members
- Communicates with other disciplines to ensure collaboration, coordination of care and enhance patient outcomes
Qualifications
What you will need:
- Minimum of a Master's Degree from an accredited Speech Language Pathology program
- Valid Speech Language Pathology license in the state(s) of practice
- Current CPR Certification
- A minimum of one year's work experience as a Speech Language Pathologist
- Demonstrates knowledge of rehabilitation techniques related to complex neurological injury preferred
- Communicates effectively and professionally in verbal and written interactions
- Ability to lift 50 pounds
- Moving, lifting, or transferring of patients which may involve lifting of up to 100 pounds following safety procedures
- Duties require fine motor skills,visual acuity, and walking/ standing for extended periods
- Additional physical requirements include:pushing/pulling, bending/stooping, reaching, kneeling, and positioning frequently at times
- A health screen or examination may be required prior to assignment and periodically thereafter, depending on specific location policy, local and state regulations to verify employee is physically capable of performing assigned duties with or without reasonable accommodations
Located in Hershey, PA, Milton Hershey School (MHS) is a top-notch home and school where over 2,200 pre-K through 12th grade students from disadvantaged backgrounds are provided an extraordinary, cost-free, career-focused education. This is made possible by the generosity of Milton and Catherine Hershey, who established the school in 1909 and ensured it was fully endowed. Thanks to their foresight and generosity, the school has over 12,000 graduates and continues to expand to serve more students.MHS is hiring married couples to serve as Full-time Flex Houseparents. In this unique and life-changing career, couples reside in on-campus student homes and provide care, guidance, supervision, and support for a group of approximately 8–13 students living in the home. Flex Houseparents play a vital role in creating a structured, family-like environment that fosters students’ academic, emotional, and social development so they can reach their full potential.Responsibilities include:
Providing daily supervision and mentorship
Managing household routines and student schedules
Administering medications and ensuring student wellness
Driving students to activities, as well as planning and actively engaging in developmental and recreational activities with students
Leading daily devotions and accompanying students to Sunday Chapel
Overseeing budgeting and household reporting
Upon hire, Flex Houseparents initially support various student homes and follow a working schedule of nine consecutive days on duty, followed by three days off. On weekdays, houseparents have unscheduled time while students are in school. Flex Houseparents eventually transition into a Placed Houseparent role, where they live and work with the same group of students in their own student home.Benefits include:
Salary: $44,768.00 per person (approximately $168,000 total compensation per couple, including free housing, meals while on duty, utilities, and more)
Comprehensive benefits: medical, dental, and vision insurance; health savings and flexible spending accounts; life insurance; disability options; retirement savings
Relocation assistance and paid training provided
Paid time off provided at designated times throughout the year
Qualifications:
Qualifications include:
Experience working or volunteering with youth
This is a two-person role for couples legally married for at least two years
Both spouses must be age 27 or older
No more than three dependent children may reside in the student home
Commitment to a smoke-free and weapon-free campus; no alcohol permitted while on duty
Pet limitations: only fish and one dog of approved breeds allowed
Valid U.S. driver’s license and ability to become certified to drive student home vans
Comfort leading students in daily devotions and accompanying them to Judeo-Christian Sunday Chapel services (proselytizing prohibited)
High school diploma or GED required
Ability to lift to 50 lbs.
Demonstrated integrity and professionalism; MHS staff serve as role models for students
This is a unique, challenging, and rewarding career and life choice that requires a high level of commitment to student success from both spouses. For consideration, both spouses must complete individual employment applications. To learn more and apply, visit
Title: ASIC/RTL Design Engineer - Senior (US)
Location: San Jose, CA - Onsite
Duration: 12 Months (Possible to extension)
Type: On W2 Contract (𝗡𝗼 𝗖𝟮𝗖 / 𝟭𝟬𝟵𝟵).
Job Description:
Top Must Have Skills:
- Experience in Designing RTL block for an SOC.
- Must have proven track record of ASIC design on several production tape-outs.
- Experience with Lint, CDC, RDC.
Key Responsibilities:
• Write micro-architecture documentation and own major portions of the design and implementation of blocks to meet functional, timing, area, and power requirements.
• Collaborate with architecture and hardware teams to understand the requirements.
• Work with verification and physical design teams to achieve high quality design and successful tape out.
• Design and implement logic functions that enable efficient test and debug.
• Participate in silicon bring-up for features owned.
Required:
• 5-6+ years' experience required
• Must have proven track record of ASIC design on several production tape-outs.
• Experience in Designing RTL block for an SOC.
• Experience in integrating ASIC IP into an SOC.
• Experience with synthesis, static timing analysis & optimizations.
Nice-to-have:
• Experience writing timing constraints and exceptions.
• Experience with automation using scripting techniques such as PERL, Python or Tcl
• Experience in Power-saving techniques.
• Experience with Arm architecture and APB, AXI, CHI protocols.
• Experience with design involving Interconnects.
Education: Bachelor's degree required
Mandatory Skills:
- Mechanical/Thermal Design Verification Testing
- Telecom & Networking product experience
- Excellent written and verbal communication skills
JD:
- Experience working as a Mechanical, or Validation Engineer for electromechanical products
- Degree in Mechanical with Experience 3-5 years
- Telecom equipment product testing knowledge/experience is an added advantage
- Good knowledge about telecom test standards GR, NEBS etc.
- Setting up prototypes in the lab for various MDVT tests (Thermocouple installation, vibration bench set up, wind tunnel operations etc)
- Good communication skills and experience with Microsoft products for generating reports and other functional aspects
Demonstrated knowledge and skills required to interact with other design disciplines, Hardware, Safety, EMC/EMI, SI and Manufacturing Engineers during the product testing
一、人力资源运营与合规（核心职责）
1.政策适配与落地： 理解中国总部现有的人力资源制度体系，结合美国联邦及地方法律法规（如涉及加州、德州或华盛顿州等）、职场文化习惯，进行本地化适配，形成既符合集团要求又在美国切实可行的政策方案（如考勤、假期、行为准则、信息安全等）。
2.合规管理： 与本地法律顾问协同，确保公司在用工、数据隐私、职场安全等方面完全合规，规避法律风险。负责对接政府及相关监管机构。
3.薪酬福利执行： 配合总部及第三方薪酬服务提供商（如ADP、TriNet等），确保薪资准确发放；协助员工解答薪酬福利相关问题（薪酬结构已有成熟方案，无需自行设计）。
4.员工关系与档案管理： 负责员工的入职、离职手续，维护员工档案与HRIS系统数据，确保信息准确完整。
二、属地运营与员工关怀
1.研究所日常运营： 负责研究所的日常行政事务，包括办公环境维护、资产与物资管理、供应商对接（IT支持、保洁、快递等），确保员工拥有高效、舒适的工作体验。
2.员工关怀与文化落地： 负责新员工的入职引导与文化融入；策划并组织团队建设活动、节日关怀、生日庆祝等，营造开放、包容的工程师文化，提升员工归属感。
3.活动与会议支持： 协调中美跨时差会议、来访接待、内部技术交流活动的组织安排。
4.文化桥接与沟通： 作为中美团队的沟通枢纽，帮助美国员工理解中国总部的文化与制度背景，同时向总部反馈美国团队的实际感受与建议，促进双向理解。
职位要求
1.3-6年人力资源工作经验，熟悉美国劳动法及职场文化，有中资企业美国分支HR或行政运营经验者优先。
2.对美国联邦及主要州的劳动法有基本了解，具备合规意识，知晓何时需寻求专业法律支持。
3.熟悉美国职场文化，具备将中国政策进行本地化适配的实际判断力。
4.熟练使用办公软件及HRIS系统，具备基本的数据处理能力。
5.极强的执行力与责任心： 能够适应初创阶段的快节奏与琐碎事务，亲力亲为、细致入微，确保每一项工作都有始有终。
6.服务意识与沟通能力： 善于倾听员工需求，能够耐心解答问题，在跨文化环境中建立信任。
7.学习与适应能力： 对未知领域保持好奇心，能够快速学习并适应新的政策、法规与业务需求。
8.其他：流利的中文（普通话）和英文听说读写能力（必须）。能够在两种语言环境中自由切换，准确传达管理意图与文化细节，入职时须具备在美国合法工作的条件。
Position: Site Security Manager
Reports To: Datacenter Physical Security Campus Security Manager
Locations: San Jose, California
FLSA: Exempt DOE
SUMMARY:
The Site Security Manager (SSM) serves as the day-to-day manager of a site security team that includes administrative officers, responders, and other security personnel at a client’s datacenter. The SSM is responsible for building a cohesive and high performing team. Reporting directly to the Campus Security Manager (CSM), the SSM works alongside other security team managers in their campus to ensure a safe and secure environment. Additional job functions may include client service and problem resolution, service enhancement, Security Operations Center (SOC) systems maintenance, audit compliance, system monitoring, log maintenance, and access rights maintenance.
ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS:
1. Actively manages site security personnel; partners with the local branch to recruit and hire, oversee onboarding, training, and development at the datacenter.
2. Coaches security personnel and carries out disciplinary actions in accordance with current policy.
3. Ensures all responders and control room supervisors adhere to policies and standard operating procedures, acting as responder or control room supervisor in periods of increased activity or in the case of absent staff.
4. Ensures site health and key performance indicator goals are met or exceeded; works with the CSM to enhance security team effectiveness and performance.
5. Conducts recalling audits, prepares, and submits critical and confidential information directly to client management team.
6. Oversees site security systems to ensure safe and compliant operation of the facility.
7. Maintains and troubleshoots on-site security technology.
8. Assists with site equipment inspections, and audit compliance.
9. Maintains required security documentation, ensuring accuracy in accordance with established policies and procedures.
10. Serves as primary point of contact to datacenter management and security personnel when the CSM is unavailable.
11. Performs additional tasks assigned by management.
12. Keeps management informed of major accomplishments, issues and concerns.
13. Identifies security shortfalls and offers suggestions from improving the security program.
14. Evaluates and escalates potential safety issues within the facility.
15. Required to know and follow safe work practices, and to be aware of company policies and procedures related to job safety, including safety rules and regulations. Notify supervisor upon becoming aware of unsafe working conditions.
16. Identifies security shortfalls and offers suggestions from improving the security program.
MINIMUM HIRING STANDARDS: Additional qualifications may be specified and receive preference, depending upon the nature of the position.
• Must be at least 18 years of age.
• Must have a reliable means of communication, such as cell phone.
• Must have a reliable means of transportation (public or private).
• Must have the legal right to work in the United States.
• Must have the ability to speak, read, and write English proficiently.
• Must have a high school diploma, secondary education equivalent, or GED.
• Must be willing to participate in the Company’s pre-employment screening process, including drug screen and background investigation.
EDUCATION/EXPERIENCE:
• Associate degree in relevant field and 4 or more years of related experience in the security industry or business management equivalents, or an equivalent combination of education and experience sufficient to perform the essential functions of the job, as determined by the company. • Experience in management.
• Experience with Microsoft Office.
• Experience working in a datacenter environment a plus.
• Working knowledge and experience with various security technologies including CCTV, access control systems, incident management software, and other video surveillance software.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS: Able to work a flexible schedule, including evening, weekend, and holiday hours, such as during an emergency event or crisis.
COMPETENCIES:
• Must be able to meet and continue to meet licensing requirements for security officers, as applicable to local, county and state laws and regulations.
• Must be able to meet and continue to meet requirements for specific skills, certifications and authorizations specified for the assigned accounts.
• Knowledge of security operations and procedures applicable to a 24-hour facility.
• Knowledge of supervisory practices and procedures, including assigning work and providing training and discipline.
• Capable of learning a variety of security and safety devices and controls.
• Ability to track and maintain schedule assignments.
• Ability to maintain professional composure when dealing with unusual circumstances.
• Advanced computer skills are required.
• Strong oral and written communication skills required to prepare materials and communicate information to others.
• Ability to conduct presentations and facilitate group meetings, both in person and online.
• Demonstrates leadership skills, including planning, organizing, delegating, problem-solving, training, coaching, and recognizing or disciplining staff in a positive, effective manner.
• Strong customer service and service delivery orientation.
• Ability to interact effectively at all levels and across diverse cultures.
• Ability to take initiative and achieve results.
• Ability to carry out multiple assignments concurrently in a fast-paced environment.
• Ability to adapt to changes in the external environment and organization.
• Ability to exercise independent judgment and decision-making skills.
WORKING CONDITIONS AND PHYSICAL/MENTAL DEMANDS: With or without reasonable accommodation, requires the physical and mental capacity to effectively perform all essential functions. In addition to other demands, the demands of the job include:
• Maintaining composure in dealing with authorities, executives, clients, staff, and the public, occasionally under conditions of urgency and in pressure situations.
• May be exposed to stressful situations, such as challenging individuals who are in or approaching an unauthorized area.
• May be required to work overtime without advance notice.
• Keyboard, basic computer usage and operating controls, which may include long periods of data entry and analysis.
• Frequent sitting, standing, and walking, which may be required for long periods of time or up to 12 miles of distance. It may involve climbing stairs and walking up inclines and on uneven terrain.
• Walking, reaching with hands and arms, stooping, kneeling, crouching, and crawling. • Ability to carry up to 2.5-pound device during the entire shift.
• Depending on assignment may be exposed to inclement weather or be required to work in environments or under conditions that require the use of protective gear and devices and/or awareness of personal safety and safety of others.
• Required ability to manage multiple tasks concurrently.
• Handling and being exposed to sensitive and confidential information.
• Regular talking and hearing.
• May be required to use vehicle in the performance of duties.
• On occasion may be required to perform stressful and physical activity.
• Frequent lifting and/or moving up to 10 pounds and occasionally lifting and/or moving up to 25 pounds.
• Close vision, distance vision, and ability to adjust focus
Required Profile (education, experience):
- Minimum of 5 years of experience supporting Vice Presidents and above or equivalent working within a highly demanding fast-paced oriented environment.
- Exceptional calendar management skills.
- Exceptional communication skills, verbal and written.
- High level of integrity with a humble nature; fully capable to take initiative, manage and oversee various projects from multiple management being highly proactive, detailed oriented, self-motivated, adaptive, and creative.
- Proven skills analytically with abstract problem-solving.
- Exceptional professionalism, soft-skills and being a team player.
- High level of work ethics, integrity, confidentiality and flexibility.
- Advanced level MS Office suite Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook, Project Google Drive.
- Must be highly flexible with time and schedule; able and available to come to work early and/or stay late with minimal advance notice.
- Strong key competencies skills: Customer Focus, Approachability, Integrity and Trust, Dealing with Ambiguity, Interpersonal Savvy, Learning on the Fly, Organizational Agility, Peer Relationships, Safety.
Preferred/Assets profile (skills, experience, education):
- Experience assisting Vice Presidents in a Hi-Tech industry.
- Experience in highly demanding fast-paced start-up environment.
- Experience in working with a diverse multi-cultural environment.
- Must be reliable and work independently.
- Demonstrates a broad company knowledge which includes best practicing corporate policies, procedures, guidelines and organizational structure.
HCLTech is looking for a highly talented and self- motivated Mechanical Design Validation Testing Engineer to join it in advancing the technological world through innovation and creativity.
Job Title: Mechanical Design Validation Testing Engineer
Job ID:
Position Type: Full-time with HCLTech
Location: San Jose, California, United States
Role/Responsibilities
- Experience working as a Mechanical, or Validation Engineer for electromechanical products
- Degree in Mechanical with Experience 3-5 years
- Telecom equipment product testing knowledge/experience is an added advantage
- Good knowledge about telecom test standards GR, NEBS etc.
- Setting up prototypes in the lab for various MDVT tests (Thermocouple installation, vibration bench set up, wind tunnel operations etc)
- Good communication skills and experience with Microsoft products for generating reports and other functional aspects
- Demonstrated knowledge and skills required to interact with other design disciplines, Hardware, Safety, EMC/EMI, SI and Manufacturing Engineers during the product testing
Pay and Benefits
Pay Range Minimum: $35.71 per hour
Pay Range Maximum: $ 42.13 per hour
HCL is an equal opportunity employer, committed to providing equal employment opportunities to all applicants and employees regardless of race, religion, sex, color, age, national origin, pregnancy, sexual orientation, physical disability or genetic information, military or veteran status, or any other protected classification, in accordance with federal, state, and/or local law. Should any applicant have concerns about discrimination in the hiring process, they should provide a detailed report of those concerns to for investigation.
Compensation and Benefits
A candidate’s pay within the range will depend on their work location, skills, experience, education, and other factors permitted by law. This role may also be eligible for performance-based bonuses subject to company policies. In addition, this role is eligible for the following benefits subject to company policies: medical, dental, vision, pharmacy, life, accidental death & dismemberment, and disability insurance; employee assistance program; 401(k) retirement plan; 10 days of paid time off per year (some positions are eligible for need-based leave with no designated number of leave days per year); and 10 paid holidays per year.
How You’ll Grow
At HCLTech, we offer continuous opportunities for you to find your spark and grow with us. We want you to be happy and satisfied with your role and to really learn what type of work sparks your brilliance the best. Throughout your time with us, we offer transparent communication with senior-level employees, learning and career development programs at every level, and opportunities to experiment in different roles or even pivot industries. We believe that you should be in control of your career with unlimited opportunities to find the role that fits you best.
Since 1989, Scalence / Artech has been helping clients solve complex technology challenges by developing innovative environments, applications, and tools. We build and maintain essential systems through experienced teams who deliver excellence in implementation, enhancement, and ongoing operations.
If you’re ready to do something big and innovative, stretch your creative and strategic muscles, and work on impactful issues with a global high-tech customer—this is your opportunity.
Job Title: Service Delivery Manager
Location: West Coast / Strong preference for candidates in bay area
Salary Range: $100,000-$140,000/yr plus 15% bonus
Position Summary
The Service Delivery Manager (SDM) is the primary leader responsible for ensuring the success of a portfolio of assigned projects and programs. You’ll serve as the face of delivery for both Scalence and a leading global technology client—overseeing operational performance, service excellence, and customer satisfaction. This role requires a balance of strategic leadership, operational rigor, and client partnership, with accountability for revenue, profitability, and people performance. The ideal candidate is an initiative-taker who thrives in a fast-paced, global, and evolving environment.
Key Responsibilities
Delivery & Program Management
- Serve as the primary point of contact and face of delivery for a high-end technology client.
- Plan, execute, and monitor Statements of Work (SOW) to meet and exceed contractual commitments.
- Proactively identify and manage delivery risks, driving timely resolution and client satisfaction.
- Lead all aspects of program execution to ensure SLA compliance and operational excellence for metrics such as Utilization, CSAT, Turnaround Time, and First Meaningful Response Time.
- Oversee new program launches and ensure stabilization within the first 90 days; define workflows, KPIs, and delivery models for steady-state services.
- Project manage quarterly contract reviews, including budget evaluation, renewals, and operational improvements.
- Aggregate, standardize, and streamline high-volume reporting, ensuring insights are actionable and aligned with client needs.
- Present performance reviews and strategic updates to senior and C-level client stakeholders on a monthly and quarterly cadence.
Client Relationship Management & Growth
- Build and sustain trusted advisor relationships with key client personnel, including business and vendor management teams (VMOs).
- Conduct weekly, monthly, and quarterly business reviews, showcasing delivery outcomes, performance insights, and improvement strategies.
- Identify and pursue opportunities for account growth, expansion, and operational synergies in collaboration with sales and executive leadership.
- Protect existing business by proactively addressing competitive risks and ensuring client satisfaction.
- Deliver differentiated value propositions through innovation, efficiency, and continuous improvement.
Team Leadership & Operations
- Lead and influence global delivery teams of 30–70 personnel, fostering a culture of excellence, accountability, and collaboration.
- Oversee people-related functions including hiring, onboarding, performance management, and learning & development.
- Partner with regional recruiting teams to execute proactive, “white-glove” hiring processes for current and future demand.
- Collaborate with the PMO and internal support functions to optimize delivery operations and streamline back-office processes.
- Track and follow through on all tactical and strategic commitments to ensure flawless execution.
Required Skills & Experience
- Minimum 10 years relevant exp
- West coast - Required
- Nice to be ideally located in Bay Area and able to be on-site a few days a week
- Well-rounded Delivery experience working with enterprise level clients supporting managed services
- Program and Project Management experience
- Technically strong - able to have technical conversations and understand and advise clients as well as coaching technical resources
- DX related experience (UX, UXR, or similar)
- Strong soft skills and communication skills
- Hands-on people management experience
- Strong stakeholder mgmt experience
- Budget/program financial experience
- Previous Google exp a strong plus
- Experience with globally disbursed teams a strong plus
Why Join Us
- Opportunity to lead delivery for a globally recognized high-tech enterprise.
- Innovative, collaborative culture where your ideas and leadership make a measurable impact.
- Competitive compensation, bonus structure, and comprehensive benefits.
- Flexibility to work remotely while shaping key strategic outcomes for enterprise clients.
Pegasus Tech Ventures is looking for an experienced sponsorship expert to manage sponsorship for the Startup World Cup (SWC) platform. Startup World Cup ( ) is a series of global startup conferences and competitions, consisting of 100+ regional startup competitions around the world, leading up to the Grand Finale in Silicon Valley. The first half of the finale will be conference style sessions, featuring prominent industry expert guest speakers. Then, top startups from each regional event will fly out to the USA to compete for a $1,000,000 prize.
Many of the regional events are partnered with established technology/startup conferences in each country. The ideal candidate will be responsible for leading and organizing regional events with partner events, and implementing an effective marketing strategy to propel brand growth. You will work cross-functionally to understand marketing needs, and act as a platform brand ambassador to external sources.
Key Responsibilities
The Manager will be responsible for two primary functions: Capital Raising and Sponsor Servicing/Delivery.
I. Sponsorship Sales & Capital Raising
- Strategy & Prospecting: Develop and execute a comprehensive global sponsorship strategy targeting large multinational corporations, financial institutions, technology leaders, investors and service providers
- Outbound Sales & Pitching: Conduct aggressive outbound sales activities to identify and qualify high-potential sponsors whose strategic goals align with the SWC platform.
- Proposal Development: Create compelling, customized sponsorship proposals and pitch decks tailored to specific corporate objectives (e.g., brand awareness, executive networking, corporate innovation, deal flow access).
- Negotiation & Closing: Lead negotiation and contract finalization processes to close sponsorship deals, achieving regional targets.
II. Sponsor Servicing & Delivery
- Relationship Management: Serve as the primary point of contact for committed sponsors, nurturing long-term relationships and ensuring a high level of satisfaction.
- Asset Delivery & Fulfillment: Oversee the flawless execution and delivery of all contracted sponsorship assets, including on-site branding and signage, executive speaking slots, etc. for the regional events & at the Grand Finale
- Logistics Coordination: Work closely with our executive team to manage sponsor needs, production schedules, and logistical requirements before, during, and after the event.
- Post-Event Reporting: Prepare comprehensive ROI and recap reports for sponsors, documenting the fulfillment of entitlements, brand impressions, and measurable value delivered to secure renewals for the following year.
Required Qualifications & Experience
- Experience: Minimum of 3+ years of successful experience in sponsorship sales, business development, corporate partnerships, or fundraising, preferably within the events, media, technology, or finance sectors.
- Revenue Track Record: Proven track record of meeting or exceeding high-value revenue targets (demonstrable history of closing deals over six figures is essential).
- Networking & Presentation Skills: Exceptional communication, negotiation, and presentation skills with the ability to engage confidently with C-level executives and corporate decision-makers globally.
- Project Management: Excellent organizational and project management abilities, capable of overseeing complex timelines and multiple deliverables for several clients simultaneously.
- Industry Knowledge: Familiarity with the venture capital, startup, and corporate innovation ecosystems.
*Travel to some regional events may be required.
