Engineering Jobs in Pearland, TX

Who We Are

We are an international group of consultants united in the goal of helping our customers revolutionize their approach to business challenges with the use of digital technologies. Combining automation and software development with “traditional” engineering, the companies we work with are able to obtain visibility into their own operations and control.

Who We’re Looking For

Though over 1,700 strong (and growing!), Radix operates like anything but a large company. When you join our company, you will help us as a Strategy Consultant:

As part of the Technology Consultancy Group, this role works within defined engagement scopes to translate client objectives into actionable deliverables. The Consultant supports Senior Consultants and Consulting Managers in executing discovery, analysis, and stakeholder facilitation activities.

This role does not own client relationships, pricing decisions, delivery governance, or Business Unit P&L. The Consultant contributes to successful outcomes through disciplined analysis, structured documentation, and effective stakeholder collaboration.

Essential Job Responsibilities:

• Execute defined consulting packages, including:
• Process documentation and mapping
• Requirements gathering and structuring
• KPI identification and performance baseline analysis
• Use case definition and prioritization
• Support client workshops by preparing materials, documenting outputs, and synthesizing findings into structured deliverables.
• Translate operational and business inputs into clear, actionable documentation aligned with engagement scope.
• Contribute to development of business cases and value articulation inputs under guidance from senior team members.
• Support change enablement activities such as stakeholder mapping, impact assessments, and communication planning.
• Maintain disciplined documentation and version control aligned with consulting standards.
• Collaborate effectively with:
• Program/Project Managers (for execution alignment)
• Industry Specialists (for domain validation)
• Practice Solution Experts (for technical feasibility alignment)
• Identify risks, assumptions, and dependencies early and escalate to senior team members as needed.

Required Qualifications:

• 2–5 years of experience in consulting, business analysis, transformation initiatives, or relevant operational roles.
• Strong analytical and structured problem-solving skills.
• Experience facilitating or supporting workshops and synthesizing stakeholder inputs.
• Ability to translate ambiguous information into clear documentation and deliverables.
• Strong written and verbal communication skills.
• Bachelor’s degree required; relevant advanced degree or certification is a plus.
• Exposure to digital transformation, process improvement, or operating model initiatives.
• Familiarity with KPI frameworks, business case development, or change management methodologies.
• Experience working in asset-intensive or complex enterprise environments.

Success Measures:

• Quality and completeness of consulting deliverables.
• Accuracy and clarity of documentation and analysis.
• Positive feedback from senior consultants and client stakeholders.
• Ability to meet deadlines and maintain disciplined engagement cadence.
• Effective collaboration with delivery and technical teams.

Senior Litigation Manager – Specialized Tax Litigation

About the Firm:

Zerbe Miller Fingeret Frank & Jadav (“ZMF”) is a boutique litigation firm representing businesses and individuals in complex civil and tax-related disputes. Our attorneys regularly appear before the U.S. Tax Court, U.S. District Courts, and Federal Courts of Appeal, advocating for clients in high stakes matters involving tax credits, refund claims, and tax penalties. The firm also represents companies in federal commercial disputes. The firm’s culture combines federal practice sophistication with small-firm collaboration, offering direct client engagement and meaningful courtroom experience early in one’s career.

Please check out our firm at: or our LinkedIn profile at: Summary:

As the Senior Litigation Manager, you will be responsible for strategically directing the organization’s Tax Controversy function while leading, developing, and managing a high performing team of tax professionals. You will oversee tax disputes with the IRS on behalf of our clients.

The Senior Litigation Manager serves as a primary leader for the controversy team, fostering a collaborative, proactive environment focused on risk mitigation and efficient resolution. You must possess deep technical tax expertise while also possessing strong people management skills to mentor team members, evaluate and allocate resources, drive overall team performance, and ensure alignment with business objectives.

The ideal candidate will have a strong interest in federal litigation, tax procedure, and administrative law, and will thrive in collaborative, intellectually rigorous environment. This role provides the opportunity to litigate substantive tax and financial matters for small to mid-sized businesses across the country, from pre-litigation strategy through trial and appeal.

As a premier consulting and technology firm, alliant is focused on providing solutions to help businesses transform and thrive while being their ongoing growth partner.

Responsibilities:

• Drive strategy and execution for all tax audits, disputes, and appeals to achieve optimal outcomes
• Oversee interactions with tax authorities, clients, and internal teams
• Drive process improvements, case management, documentation standards and best practices within the team
• Monitor evolving tax laws and provide thought leadership and proactive guidance to senior leadership on emerging controversy risks
• Draft motions, discovery requests, and briefs in U.S. District Court and U.S. Tax Court
• Conduct factual investigations, witness interviews, and expert coordination
• Develop case strategies and advise clients through all phases of litigation
• Manage, review, and digest large amounts of discovery to help support case strategy
• Collaborate closely with staff, senior attorneys, and clients on trial preparation and oral argument
• Research complex procedural and statutory issues involving tax, jurisdiction, and federal claims
• Manage and maintain client relationships and collaboratively work with multi-disciplinary teams in a constructive fashion to drive results

Qualifications:

• JD or equivalent, and active license to practice law
• Preferred 15+ years of litigation experience, preferably in federal court or as a federal clerk
• Demonstrated leadership skills to lead and develop high performing teams
• Collaborative team leader
• Strong business judgment with the ability to navigate complex shareholder environments
• Strong advocacy, negotiation, and communications skills; expertise in leading negotiations with tax authorities and stakeholders
• Excellent legal writing, analytical, and oral advocacy skills
• Admission to practice in at least one U.S. jurisdiction
• Preferred background or coursework in tax, accounting, financial regulation, or a technical field such as engineering
• Experience drafting dispositive motions, legal briefs, and analyzing discovery is highly valued
• High sense of urgency with the ability to meet deadlines and changing priorities
• Demonstrated ability to multi-task, work independently, manage team deadlines, and handle client-facing responsibilities
• Receptiveness to performance feedback and continuous improvement within a team environment is essential
• Available to travel 25% within the United States
• Candidate must reside or relocate to Houston, TX

Why Join Us

• National scope practice with a small firm feel
• Comprehensive compensation and benefits package including 100% employer paid medical/dental premiums for single coverage, 401(k) matching, PTO, company provided life insurance and disability, onsite gyn and group fitness classes, paid covered parking, daily allowance for onsite café and Starbucks, and more!

Position Overview

We are seeking a high-level trial lawyer with a minimum of 5 years of personal injury litigation experience, specifically in products liability, who is capable of independently managing complex cases from intake through verdict.

This is not a training position. We are hiring a self-directed litigator who can step into an active docket, try cases, supervise staff, and drive recoveries with minimal oversight.

Required Experience & Qualifications

Litigation & Trial Experience

• Minimum 5 years of plaintiff personal injury litigation experience

• Demonstrated focus on products liability cases

• First-chair jury trial experience in at least five (5) jury trials

• Proven ability to take cases from filing through verdict

Case Management Capabilities

• Managed an independent docket

• Medical case management experience, including coordinating and monitoring client treatment

• Retained and worked directly with liability, medical, economic, and engineering experts

• Taken and defended expert depositions

• Taken and defended corporate representative depositions (Rule 30(b)(6) or state equivalent)

• Drafted and argued dispositive motions

• Prepared and presented cases for mediation and trial

Pay: $175,000.00 - $200,000.00 per year

Why This Is a Great Opportunity

• Step into a true lead trial role with real autonomy: run your own complex products liability matters from intake through verdict
• High earning upside with a strong base salary plus a percentage of recoveries
• Join a boutique plaintiff firm that values trust, compassion, and real client impact
• Relocation assistance provided for the right trial lawyer ready to hit the ground running
• Fast hiring timeline with a target start within 30 days

Location: Houston, Texas (on site role with courtroom focused work and travel for depos, hearings, and trial as needed)

Note: This is not a training position. We are hiring a self directed plaintiff trial attorney who can independently manage a docket, supervise staff, and drive recoveries with minimal oversight.

About Us

We are a boutique plaintiff personal injury firm built on trust, high standards, and doing right by clients when it matters most. Our team is known for strong advocacy, professional excellence, and a culture that combines urgency with compassion. Confidential Employer.

Job Description

• Own a complex plaintiff personal injury docket with a heavy products liability focus from intake through verdict
• Serve as first chair trial counsel and lead trial strategy, motion practice, expert development, and case valuation
• Retain and work directly with liability, medical, economic, and engineering experts and manage expert discovery
• Take and defend expert depositions and corporate representative depositions (Rule 30(b)(6) or state equivalent)
• Draft and argue dispositive motions and key evidentiary motions
• Prepare and present cases for mediation and trial and negotiate from a position of strength
• Drive medical case management oversight by coordinating and monitoring client treatment and damages development
• Supervise and develop paralegals, legal assistants, and case managers with disciplined docket control
• Maintain excellent client communication and expectation management

Qualifications

• 5+ years of plaintiff personal injury litigation experience with meaningful products liability experience
• First chair jury trial experience in at least 5 jury trials
• Proven ability to take cases from filing through verdict with strong motion practice and deposition skills
• Track record managing an independent docket and staying ahead of deadlines with organized trial prep
• Comfortable with travel for depositions, hearings, and trial
• Licensed and in good standing (Texas strongly preferred given the on site Houston based practice)

Why You Will Love Working Here

You will have the platform, resources, and autonomy to do high stakes plaintiff work at a high level without micromanagement. We move with urgency, treat clients with care, and reward performance. If you are a courtroom ready trial lawyer who wants real responsibility and real upside, you will thrive here.

JPC-769

Job Type: Full-time

Benefits:

• Dental insurance
• Paid time off
• Relocation assistance
• Retirement plan
• Vision insurance

Control Engineer

Location: Houston, Texas

Type of Work: In Office

Schedule: Full-Time

Type of Contract: Direct Hire

Pay Range: Competitive, based on experience

Description

We are supporting a manufacturing organization is seeking an Control Engineer with electrical systems focus to support the design, integration, and reliability of electromechanical equipment.

This role combines electrical engineering fundamentals with hands-on troubleshooting. The engineer will support system design, interpret electrical schematics, assist with equipment integration, and maintain accurate technical documentation. The position works closely with cross-functional teams including engineering, manufacturing, sales, and external vendors to ensure systems operate reliably and meet customer needs.

Responsibilities

• Design and review electrical schematics, wiring diagrams, and system layouts
• Support troubleshooting and root cause analysis of electromechanical systems
• Assist with system integration, testing, and equipment validation
• Maintain accurate engineering documentation and technical records
• Collaborate with engineering, manufacturing, sales, and external vendors to support product development and improvements
• Manage multiple engineering tasks and project activities simultaneously
• Contribute to continuous improvement initiatives focused on reliability and performance

Requirements

• Bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering, Electromechanical Engineering, Mechatronics, or related field
• Approximately 5+ years of experience working with electrical or electromechanical systems in an industrial environment
• Experience with PLC, HMI, or SCADA environments is required
• Familiarity with control systems, controllers, or automation technologies
• Strong ability to write, read and interpret electrical schematics
• Experience troubleshooting industrial or electromechanical equipment
• Strong organizational skills and ability to manage multiple technical tasks or projects
• Team-oriented mindset with strong communication skills
• Limited travel may be required to support engineering activities. Travel is expected to be minimal.
• Strong organizational skills and ability to manage multiple technical tasks or projects

ttg Talent Solutions is an Equal Opportunity Employer and recruiting agency. We are committed to creating an inclusive and diverse work environment and welcome applications from all qualified candidates regardless of race, color, religion, gender, sexual orientation, national origin, age, disability, or veteran status. Please note that all offers of employment are contingent upon the successful completion of a drug test and background check. We maintain a drug- and substance-free workplace to ensure the safety and well-being of all employees.

At ttg, “We believe in making a difference One Person at a Time,” ttg OPT.

This is a very exciting time for Thryv as we are making waves in becoming an international leading SaaS and platforms business provider for Small to Medium-Sized Businesses (SMB’s). We’ve been around in one form or another for more than 125 years, always with one goal in mind – helping small businesses compete and win. We provide the technology, software and local business automation tools that small businesses need to better manage their time, communicate with clients, and get paid so they can take control of their business and be more successful. Thryv is a seven-time winner of Selling Power Magazine’s Top 60 companies to Sell For, as well as Newsweek’s list of America’s 100 most loved global workplaces for 2024 and 2025!

Thryv, Inc. - Thryv Makes Selling Power’s Annual 60 Best Companies to Sell for List for Seventh Consecutive Year

Global Most Loved Workplaces 2025 - Newsweek

About the role:

Houston, Texas this role is responsible for increasing Thryv’s penetration to the existing client base, increasing client engagement with existing software clients, and growing the SaaS client base through new sales. This role calls on existing clients to nurture and grow relationships while identifying and pursuing new client opportunities to meet a predetermined sales quota. The Software Account Executive conducts greater than 50% of their work outside their home office.

• Contacts assigned clients and presents opportunities for additional sales and/or extended usage based on client needs.
• Identifies and secures new SaaS clients by leveraging self-generated prospecting (i.e. networks, referrals, etc.) and company-initiated prospecting programs.
• Executes all defined operational processes and requirements with excellence (i.e., designed cadences for client and prospect engagement, ongoing product and demo certifications, order entry requirements, centralized intake forms, etc.).
• Participates in sales meetings, call calibrations, and training as needed.

About Thryv- End-to-end client experience platform:

Thryv provides a secure, easy-to-use platform that automates tasks and allows clients to put their customers at the center of their business. Our software offers Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Search Engine Optimization, Marketing, online invoices & receipts, text messaging, email marketing, print and social media management. This automation provides the edge local businesses need to better succeed in their market. We do it all with a convenient client experience management app that allows small business owners to get the job, manage the job and get credit all from the palm of their hand.

In This Role, You’ll Get To:

• Help grow local business market share
• Defend small business America and the American Dream
• Hunt for new business (90%) as well as take care of existing clients (10%)
• Become a SaaS (Software as a Service) expert
• Receive world-class training
• Have the support of a four-time winner of The Top 60 Companies to Sell For company with a 125+ year legacy
• Educate and guide prospects through the buyer’s journey to help them learn how Thryv can grow their business
• Partner with marketing and technology departments to execute sales strategy as the company introduces enhancements to existing solutions and/or releases new products
• Bring your thinking, strategies and ideas to advance our company’s values, unique culture and vision for the future

We Are Looking for People Who:

• We are seeking driven and hungry individuals to strategize and offer our unique software solutions to local business owners
• Who are engagement gurus while properly managing expectations
• Have the desire and commitment to do what it takes to be successful in sales
• Have a positive outlook and a strong ability to take responsibility for their successes and failures
• Goal oriented…you’re known for destroying your sales goals
• Persuasive…you can explain software solutions in simple terms
• Exceed sales quotas and expectations
• Build and nurture a pipeline of prospects and close deals
• Develop great solutions to help customers WIN!
• Comfortable working in a remote capacity: Hi-Speed internet, acceptable office setting and proper business attire is a must.

Basic Qualifications

• 4+ years of related sales experience (7+ years is preferred)
• 3+ years of experience in an (outbound) full sales cycle role is required
• Experience in a SaaS role or company is preferred, but not required
• The ideal candidate will have experience in Enterprise-level sales (not a requirement)
• Strong industry knowledge with the ability to gain a thorough understanding of the Thryv product suite
• Exceptional interpersonal and communication skills, both written and verbal, with strong emotional intelligence, adaptability, and the ability to build relationships.
• Time and organization skills with the ability to effectively manage multiple priorities with competing schedules or conflicting demands
• Ability to work independently in a remote-first environment, effectively conducting sales presentations while following company established processes and procedures
• Strong technical skills with proficiency in MS office and the ability to learn new programs and systems
• Associate degree (or international equivalent) or equivalent experience required

Who We Are

At Thryv, we’re a team fiercely devoted to the success of local businesses. We’ve been around for over 100 years, always with one goal in mind — helping small businesses compete, win and succeed. We provide the technology, software and local business automation tools small business owners need to better manage their time, communicate with clients, and get paid, so they can take control of their business and be more successful. We support businesses across the U.S., and we have team members all around the country (even internationally). In fact, we’re a work-from-anywhere company, because that’s how we get the work done. Culture is vital at Thryv because it shapes our identity and, therefore, our measurements for growth. We have an identified set of values that hold all of us accountable, paving the way for our company success and our legacy. All of this helps us deliver results for our clients and creates success for our employees. Here at Thryv, making a positive impact within our team and in our local community is the reason we get out of bed every morning.

Find out more at /careers/

Belonging at Thryv

We believe in a work environment where all individuals are treated fairly and respectfully, have equal access to opportunities and resources, and can contribute fully to the organization’s success. We want our employees to feel a part of something big, and we encourage the sharing of ideas and collaboration across the organization. We strive to ensure our work environment reflects diversity, fairness and meritocracy. We believe all employees should have the opportunity to perform effectively in their position. We value every employee and the authenticity they bring to their role and to the organization. As a result, our employee policies and internal practices focus on ability and merit as the standards for success.

Requisition Detail and Process

This information indicates the general nature and level of work performed by employees in this job. It is not designed to contain a comprehensive inventory of all duties, responsibilities, and qualifications required of employees assigned to this job. The duties and responsibilities in this job description may be subject to change at any time due to reasonable accommodation or other reasons. The final job level offered may vary based on the applicant’s competencies and qualifications such as experience and education, and other job-related reasons.

Our Commitment to Equal Opportunity

Thryv is proud to provide equal employment opportunities to all employees and applicants, without regard to gender, color, race, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, citizenship, age, disability, veteran status, pregnancy, genetic information, or any characteristic protected by law. Thryv is committed to provide equal employment opportunities throughout the employment relationship including recruitment, hiring, discharge, compensation, benefits, discipline, development, and advancement or other aspects of employment.

The estimated on target earnings (OTE) for this role, which includes base salary and incentives, is $137,100 per year, with the potential to earn more in most U.S. locations. Final offer amounts are determined based on the candidate’s location and may vary from the figure listed above.

Sales Representative – Energy Sector | Houston, TX Area

Company: Diprem Global

Location: Houston, Texas (and nearby areas)

Work Model: Remote / Field-based

Seniority: Semi Senior (SSR)

Industry: Energy / Power Generation

About Diprem Global

Diprem Global is a Latin American company specializing in engineering services, inspections, and technical staffing for large industrial and energy projects.

We operate in Mexico, Colombia, Brazil, Chile, and Peru, providing qualified professionals and specialized services for maintenance, inspections, plant outages, and large-scale industrial projects across the power generation, oil & gas, and heavy industry sectors.

As part of our international expansion, we are looking to grow our commercial presence in the Texas energy market.

About the Role

We are seeking a Sales Representative to drive business development in the Houston / Texas energy market, focusing on thermoelectric power plant outages and industrial services.

This role is perfect for a proactive, self-driven professional with experience in the energy sector who can manage the full commercial cycle independently and help open and grow the market.

You will lead commercial efforts in the region, identify opportunities, and build relationships with key clients.

Key Responsibilities

• Identify and develop new business opportunities in thermoelectric power plants and energy companies.
• Manage the full sales cycle: prospecting, client meetings, proposals, negotiation, and closing.
• Build relationships with decision-makers in the power generation sector.
• Spot plant outage and maintenance project opportunities.
• Analyze competitors and market trends to position the company competitively in Texas.
• Work closely with internal teams to ensure successful project execution.

Requirements (Must-Have)

• 3–5+ years of commercial or business development experience in the energy or power generation sector.
• Experience with thermoelectric plants, outages, or turnaround projects is highly valued.
• Strong B2B sales and negotiation skills.
• Ability to work independently and develop new markets.
• Must reside in the United States, preferably Houston or nearby areas.
• Fluent in English.

What We Offer

• Lead the development of a new market in Texas.
• Join a growing international company in the energy sector.
• Flexible and remote work model with field visits as needed.

About this Position:

This Manufacturing Engineer role focuses on reviewing customer drawings and models to determine the most suitable production method across CNC machining and additive manufacturing. Sitting within a well-established, quality-driven precision manufacturing environment, the position plays a key part in the drawing-to-quote process, helping to define practical, production-ready solutions for complex components used in high-specification industries. It would suit someone with a strong traditional manufacturing background, ideally machining-led, who also understands additive manufacturing and the wider downstream process, including heat treatment, distortion planning and post-print machining.

Job Responsibilities:

• Review customer drawings, models and specifications to determine the most effective manufacturing route, whether subtractive or additive.
• Produce accurate quotations using internal run-time data, process inputs and manufacturing assumptions.
• Work closely with sales teams to assess part suitability and define manufacturable solutions.
• Evaluate tolerances, cost drivers and production risks prior to release.
• Provide practical input on routing, process selection and production feasibility.
• Support decision-making across both conventional and additive manufacturing methods to achieve the best technical and commercial outcome.

Experience Required:

• Strong manufacturing engineering background, ideally with a machining-led foundation.
• Confident interpreting blueprints, engineering drawings and 3D models.
• Working knowledge of additive manufacturing; direct additive experience would be highly beneficial.
• Good understanding of the full production process, including heat treatment, distortion planning and post-print machining.
• Experience in quoting, estimating or process planning.
• Commercial awareness combined with a practical engineering mindset.
• Experience working with nickel-based alloys such as Inconel, Hastelloy, Waspaloy, Rene, Haynes, Incoloy or other superalloys would be advantageous.

Control Systems Engineer – Industrial Automation

A leading global automation and digital intelligence solutions provider is seeking a Control Systems Engineer to join its growing engineering team. This opportunity is ideal for an early-career engineer looking to build hands-on experience delivering complex process automation solutions across industries such as Oil & Gas, Petrochemicals, Utilities, and Renewable Energy.

This role offers exposure to innovative projects involving Integrated Control Systems, SCADA, wellhead automation, and industrial communications, working alongside experienced engineers in a structured project environment.

Key Responsibilities

• Design and implement hardware for industrial control systems, including Distributed Control Systems (DCS), Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS), and Fire & Gas Systems (FGS), with a strong emphasis on Allen-Bradley platforms
• Develop and configure PLC, DCS, SCADA, PMS, and HMI applications
• Support automation solutions for wellhead facilities, including wellhead control panels, skids, and solar-powered systems (experience in this area is a plus)
• Apply industry standards and best practices throughout all phases of project execution
• Interpret and analyze technical documentation such as FRS, P&IDs, Cause & Effect diagrams, drawings, narratives, and control philosophies
• Assist with staging, system testing, and Factory Acceptance Testing (FAT) activities, including workstation setup, panel verification, I/O checks, and software functionality testing
• Support project execution from design through commissioning, including on-site activities as required

Candidate Profile

• Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Electrical Engineering, Electronics Engineering, or a related discipline
• 0–3 years of experience in industrial automation and control systems
• Exposure to Allen-Bradley or other major PLC/DCS platforms
• Understanding of the full project lifecycle, including software and hardware design, procurement, implementation, testing, FAT/SAT, commissioning, and handover
• Familiarity with industrial instrumentation, control philosophies, and system architectures
• Experience or interest in system testing, commissioning, and startup activities
• Proficiency with Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint)
• Strong communication skills and the ability to discuss and document technical concepts clearly

Why Consider This Opportunity

• Work on technically challenging automation projects across multiple industries
• Gain end-to-end project exposure in a structured engineering environment
• Collaborate with experienced automation professionals on global-scale solutions
• Build a strong foundation in process automation, control systems, and field execution

Chief Executive Officer – High Growth Industrial Products Manufacturer – Private Equity

Our client is a leading private equity–backed manufacturer of engineered industrial components with locations in the Pacific Northwest and Southcentral U.S. We are seeking a dynamic and hands-on Chief Executive Officer to lead the business through its next phase of growth and value creation. The company serves critical infrastructure and heavy industrial markets including marine transportation, ports and terminals, offshore energy, coastal infrastructure, mining, bulk material handling, and municipal public works.

This is a unique opportunity for a commercially driven executive to professionalize and scale a market-leading niche manufacturer and deliver a successful exit within a three- to five-year horizon. The Company is an established, profitable manufacturer with a strong reputation for quality, reliability, and long-standing customer relationships. Backed by experienced private equity investors, the business is positioned for accelerated organic growth, operational excellence, and strategic expansion.

The incoming CEO will drive organic revenue growth through commercial strategy, market expansion, and strengthened customer engagement. As CEO, you will professionalize the organization by implementing scalable processes, systems, and performance metrics across the organization; enhance operational effectiveness across manufacturing, supply chain, and quality; develop and execute a clear three- to five-year value creation plan and position the company for and ultimately lead a successful exit transaction.

This is an opportunity to take full ownership of a high-potential industrial platform and lead it through a transformational growth phase culminating in a successful exit.

There will be an attractive compensation package which includes a competitive base salary, performance-based annual bonus and meaningful equity participation.