Engineering Jobs in Lexington, MA

Role Overview

The Key Account Manager (KAM) is responsible for managing and expanding Pion’s most

strategic customer relationships within the Boston market. This role is central to the

company’s growth strategy and carries meaningful ownership over revenue performance,

account expansion and long-term customer value.

The KAM operates with a high degree of autonomy and accountability, working in a

performance-driven environment where accurate forecasting, structured account

planning, and disciplined execution are essential. This is not a transactional sales role - it

requires strategic thinking, scientific credibility and operational rigor.

Key Responsibilities

Strategic Account Management

 Own and execute comprehensive account plans aligned to company growth targets

 Build deep, multi-level relationships across R&D, Analytical, CMC and Procurement

 Understand customer workflows, strategic priorities, and long-term pipelines

 Position Pion as a long-term partner through value-based, consultative engagement

 Identify expansion opportunities tied to new applications, enhanced products and

evolving customer needs

Sales Execution & Growth

 Deliver against defined revenue and growth objectives for assigned territory

 Manage complex sales cycles involving capital equipment, consumables and

services

 Maintain disciplined pipeline management, opportunity qualification and

forecasting

 Ensure CRM accuracy and timely updates to support operational planning and

leadership visibility

 Set and manage customer expectations around manufacturing schedules, lead

times and delivery constraints

Operational Excellence & Rigor

 Operate with a high level of structure, accountability and follow-through

 Partner closely with Operations, Manufacturing, Applications, and Service to drive

predictable outcomes

 Proactively identify risks and constraints, escalating appropriately and early

 Contribute to continuous improvement of sales processes, tools, and cadence

Customer Advocacy & Internal Collaboration

 Serve as the primary commercial owner for assigned territory accounts

 Coordinate internal resources to ensure successful installations, adoption and

ongoing value realization

 Act as the voice of the customer, providing actionable feedback to Product and

Leadership teams

 Navigate escalations and competitive pressures with professionalism and clarity

Market & Competitive Insight

 Maintain strong awareness of regional market dynamics, competitors and emerging

technologies

 Represent Pion customer meetings, scientific forums and industry events

 Identify high-growth opportunities within pharma, biotech, CDMOs and academic

institutions in the Boston ecosystem

Qualifications & Experience

Required

 Advanced degree in Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Engineering or a related

scientific discipline preferred

 5+ years of experience in life sciences sales

 Demonstrated success managing complex, high-value strategic accounts

 Strong understanding of drug development workflows

 Ability to operate e􀆯ectively in a performance-driven, growth-oriented environment

 Strong organizational skills with a track record of operational discipline and

execution

 Willingness to travel regionally and occasionally nationally

Preferred

 Experience selling analytical instrumentation or pharmaceutical enabling

technologies

 Familiarity with capital equipment sales cycles

 MBA or advanced scientific degree

 Experience working cross-functionally within a global organization

What Success Looks Like

 Measurable contribution to Pion’s strategic growth targets

 Strong penetration and expansion within assigned key accounts

 Accurate forecasting and disciplined account management

 High customer trust and long-term partnership development

 Consistent demonstration of operational excellence and accountability

Why Join Pion

 Be part of a respected scientific company entering an exciting new growth phase

 Work with enhanced technologies that are expanding Pion’s impact in drug

development

 Operate in a role where individual performance directly influences company

success

 Collaborate with a knowledgeable, committed team focused on execution and

results

 Competitive compensation, incentive plan and benefits

Our client, a fast-paced leader in product development, is seeking a Manufacturing/Process Engineer to join their very busy team. The Manufacturing/Process Engineer will support the transition of products from engineering to manufacturing and will be responsible for bringing new products from Design Verification build to Pilot Production. Additionally, the Manufacturing/Process Engineer will support the design, installation, and operation of production processes, including sheet metal fabrication, foaming of refrigeration enclosures, heat pipe assembly, electro-mechanical assembly, and performance testing. They will also collaborate with engineers in Design for Manufacturability to transition new products from Design Verification builds into Manufacturing Validation builds and Mass Production, as well as work in a multidisciplinary production and development team.

To be successful in this role, candidates will utilize SolidWorks to produce deliverables, including production assembly procedures, and will also provide technical training to the production staff for all new product introductions to enhance product quality and maximize production efficiency. In this very important role, candidates must be experienced engineers who can work independently and communicate clearly with managers, co-workers, and clients. Candidates with an Engineering degree in Mechanical, Manufacturing, or Industrial Engineering, and at least 10 years of manufacturing engineering experience, will be considered. Please apply if you meet these qualifications and are local to the Greater Boston area.

Additional Responsibilities and Qualifications

• Troubleshoot and resolve production line failures and technical issues.
• Design and implement functional fixtures and gauges to increase efficiency, improve quality, and minimize defects.
• Support the installation, programming, and maintenance of production equipment and materials.
• Lead continuous improvement initiatives for production line defects and field failures.
• Support the implementation of an ERP system and process ERP data to reinforce a lean manufacturing environment.
• Analyze production times, shop layout, and costs to provide reports for operational decisions.
• Collaborate with engineers to improve control processes for existing products and implement new control processes for new product introductions.
• Experience with refrigeration systems and foaming tools is preferred.
• Experience with various fabrication processes such as vacuum forming, injection molding, sheet metal forming, and rapid prototyping methods
• Working knowledge of Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma principles is preferred.
• Ability to generate robust mechanical drawings, assembly procedures, and written reports. 3D CAD experience is a must. SolidWorks proficiency required.
• High level of personal commitment to quality, with demonstrated thoroughness and attention to detail in all phases of a process or project.
• Excellent communication and interpersonal skills, highlighted by a flexible and collaborative working style.
• Due to the nature of the work, citizenship or legal residents only will be considered.

Manufacturing Engineer | Wilmington, MA

Contract-To-Hire (6-Months)

Provide engineering and project management skills in support of the design and development of new processes/equipment, the scale-up and commercialization of new products, the continual improvement of existing technologies, and the optimal performance and troubleshooting of existing operations.

Responsibilities

• Provide strong engineering skills in support of the scale-up and development of new products and processes. This includes methods, procedures and specifications to ensure a timely transfer to Manufacturing.
• Provide strong engineering understanding on continual improvement teams, developing process methods, designing/sourcing equipment, conducting feasibility/developmental trials, executing validation requirements, drafting documents/specifications/drawings, and providing on-the-job training to ensure the effective transfer/start-up of new/refined products/processes.
• Manage equipment and process validations, including creation of the protocol, identification of test requirements, analysis and presentation of results, and creation of the final report, in accordance with internal procedures and external regulations.
• Utilize Lean Manufacturing principles and appropriate tools to drive continual improvement of key operational measures, e.g. yield, velocity, takt time, inventory, nonconformances, etc.
• Provide engineering support to manufacturing and QA groups to ensure that production requirements are satisfied.
• Prepare presentations and reports, as appropriate, to communicate status of engineering projects, progress towards goals and objectives, future opportunities, and current risks/alternatives to senior management.
• Support the site in developing, training, and maintaining calibration/preventative maintenance programs and manufacturing process controls.

Requirements

• 2+ years of experience in an engineering position within a medical device manufacturing organization or GMP/FDA Regulated Environment
• Working knowledge of Lean Manufacturing Principles
• Six Sigma Green Belt Certification a plus.
• Electro-mechanical systems experience is a plus

Gabriele & Company, recruiters for manufacturing and supply chain professionals, is working with a local manufacturer of electromechanical products used in industries including semiconductors, defense and medical devices.

Our client is looking for a Test Technician to build, maintain, and operate test stands to validate performance, reliability, and safety of industrial refrigeration systems and thermal management equipment.

Key Responsibilities

• Assemble, plumb, wire, and commission test stands including pumps, heat exchangers, valves, sensors, and data acquisition systems
• Execute functional, performance, and safety tests per established procedures
• Monitor and record critical parameters: temperatures, pressures, flow rates, power consumption
• Troubleshoot and document test failures; collaborate with engineering on corrective actions
• Maintain test equipment, calibration status, and lab organization
• Follow safety protocols including lockout/tagout, electrical safety, and refrigerant handling

Qualifications

• 2+ years as test technician or manufacturing technician in industrial/lab environment
• Hands-on experience with mechanical assembly, plumbing, basic electrical wiring
• Familiarity with refrigeration systems, HVAC, pumps, or heat exchangers
• Ability to read mechanical drawings, electrical schematics, and test procedures
• Strong troubleshooting skills and attention to detail

Preferred

• Knowledge of instrumentation and data acquisition systems
• EPA refrigerant certification or willingness to obtain

Compensation is hourly with benefits that included health/dental/vision, VERY generous PTO plan, 401(k) with match and more!

*2nd shift, 3-11pm*

Job Summary

The Manufacturing Supervisor provides hands-on leadership of second shift GMP manufacturing operations for microbiome Live Biologic Products. This role supervises four contract associates and ensures safe, compliant, and efficient execution of fermentation, harvest, lyophilization, media/buffer preparation, packaging, and suite readiness activities. The Supervisor serves as the primary on-site manufacturing leader during second shift and actively supports floor operations.

Responsibilities

• Supervise second shift GMP manufacturing activities, including fermentation and downstream processing.
• Lead and support four contract manufacturing associates; assign tasks and provide coaching.
• Ensure production suites, equipment, and materials are ready and compliant.
• Enforce cGMP, safety, and quality standards.
• Review batch records and documentation for accuracy and completeness.
• Execute shift schedules to meet production timelines.
• Escalate and support resolution of manufacturing issues, deviations, CAPAs, and change controls.
• Support new processes, SOP implementation, and technology transfers.
• Provide clear shift handovers and communicate production status and risks.

Qualifications

• Bachelor’s degree in Biology, Biochemistry, Engineering, or related field preferred.
• 3–6 years of GMP manufacturing experience; prior supervisory or lead experience preferred.
• Experience with fermentation, microbial processing, aseptic techniques, or lyophilization preferred.
• Strong knowledge of cGMP regulations and documentation practices.
• Experience reviewing batch records and supporting deviation management.

Medical Device Manufacturing Engineer Co-Op/Intern

On-site in Seaport, Massachusetts May-August (extension possible)

Amplitude Vascular Systems (AVS), an early-stage medical device company focused on safely and effectively treating severely calcified arterial disease, is seeking a Manufacturing Engineer-Co-Op to support our Operations team. This individual will work in a cross-functional role (Quality/Manufacturing/R&D) supporting the manufacturing of devices and associated instruments and technologies.

Key Responsibilities:

• Willing to work for cross functional teams (Operations, R&D and Quality & Regulatory.)
• Creating and modifying designs/drawings utilizing SolidWorks
• Testing prototype devices for functionality
• Supporting manufacturing with failure analysis
• Working in the lab, summarizing data, performing tests, and writing technical reports
• Participating and collaborating in team meetings and updates.
• Experience in Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint is essential
• Ability to work independently as well as take direction and complete tasks with or without help or supervision.

.Qualifications:

• In pursuit of Bachelor's degree in Mechanical, Industrial, Manufacturing, Electrical, or Biomedical Engineering. In Junior year or above.
• Self-motivated with an interest in medical devices
• 3-D modeling skills (NX Unigraphics & Solidworks Preferred)
• Experience using hand tools and performing mechanical testing
• Proven problem-solving capabilities
• Ability to communicate technical information
• Previous co-op completed in manufacturing at a medical device demonstrating skillsets listed above preferred.
• A minimum G.P.A. of 3.0
• Available to work full-time (40 hrs/week) May-August 2026
• This is an onsite position located in Waltham, MA.

AVS is an Equal Opportunity Employer. All qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, national origin, or protected veteran status and will not be discriminated against on the basis of disability.

Join a leading pharmaceutical company’s Data Science team, where you’ll drive and lead advanced analytics across Marketing, Sales, and Access. As Associate Director (Or Sr Manager), A HIGH LEVEL INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTOR, you’ll lead strategic initiatives from predictive modeling and personalization to field force optimization, delivering scalable solutions that inform commercial decisions and enhance patient engagement. Deep experience in pharmaceutical marketing analytics is essential to translate brand strategy into actionable insights.

Keywords: MMM, Next Best Action, NLP, Data Science, HCP, GenAI

Location: Onsite 3 days a week in Cambridge, MA

Key Responsibilities

• Lead development and deployment of predictive models, segmentation, NLP, and GenAI tools to solve complex commercial challenges
• Translate pharmaceutical brand objectives into analytics frameworks across marketing, sales, and access
• Design and operationalize Next Best Action strategies to boost omnichannel engagement and HCP ROI
• Build and scale Patient 360 models and targeting algorithms for AI-driven lead generation
• Guide stakeholders through insight activation and integration into workflows
• Champion model governance, experimentation, and analytical rigor
• Collaborate with IT to develop ML Ops environments and productized solutions
• Manage external analytics partners and ensure alignment across data engineering, insights, and compliance

Who You Are

A strategic data scientist with strong business acumen, leadership presence, and deep experience in pharmaceutical marketing analytics. You thrive at the intersection of data and action, delivering measurable impact.

Qualifications

• 5+ years in analytics role within pharmaceutical industry
• Proven experience in pharmaceutical marketing analytics, including brand strategy, HCP engagement, and omnichannel optimization
• Expertise in NBA, MMM, supervised/unsupervised learning, A/B testing, time-series forecasting
• Success in marketing mix modeling, decision engines, and GenAI product design
• Proficient in Python, R, SQL, Snowflake; skilled in Power BI or Tableau
• Familiarity with APLD, PlanTrak, claims, and specialty pharmacy datasets
• Strong communicator with executive presence and cross-functional influence

Send resume to

Vaxess is developing a pipeline of next-generation therapeutics on our novel micro-array patch platform. With only five minutes of wear-time on the skin, the Vaxess’ patch combines room temperature stability with simplified application to dramatically alter the way that drugs are delivered. Vaxess is committed to enabling products that are not only more effective, but also more accessible to patients around the world.

The Role

We are seeking a motivated and detail-oriented Research Associate with strong hands-on experience in chromatographic analysis to support QC release and stability testing. The successful candidate will perform routine cGMP QC testing using HPLC methods (RP-HPLC, SEC, IEX), Agilent HPLC systems, and additional supporting assays in a fast-paced, collaborative environment. This is a unique opportunity to be part of an emerging early-phase clinical company bringing innovative technology to the global market.

Key Responsibilities

• Perform routine QC release and stability testing using HPLC methods including RP-HPLC, SEC, and IEX.
• Prepare samples, operate Agilent HPLC systems, verify system suitability, and ensure analyses meet method and specification requirements.
• Execute complementary analytical assays such as UV-Vis, pH, surface tension, and mechanical tests.
• Maintain complete, accurate documentation in compliance with cGMP, ALCOA+, and data integrity requirements.
• Conduct routine instrument care (solvent flushes, column care, daily checks) and assist troubleshooting under supervision.
• Process and review chromatographic data in Agilent OpenLab CDS.
• Support method qualification, validation, and transfer activities by executing protocols and recording observations.
• Maintain calibration, maintenance, and service records for analytical instrumentation.
• Independently author method SOPs, analytical protocols, technical reports, and contribute to regulatory submissions.
• Collaborate cross-functionally with QC, Analytical Development, Process Development, Manufacturing, and Regulatory teams to enable program success.
• Maintain rigorous laboratory documentation and complete, audit-ready analytical records.
• Thrive in a fast-paced, cross-functional environment with excellent communication and organizational skills.

Qualifications

• Bachelor’s degree in Chemistry, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, or related field with 1–3 years of experience; or a master’s degree with relevant laboratory experience.
• Hands-on experience operating HPLC systems; Agilent systems and OpenLab CDS experience strongly preferred.
• Practical experience with chromatographic techniques including RP-HPLC, SEC, and IEX.
• Experience supporting QC release or stability testing in a GMP/GLP environment.
• Strong attention to detail and ability to follow SOPs precisely.
• Excellent documentation practices and understanding of data integrity.
• Strong organizational skills with the ability to manage multiple workflows and prioritize effectively in a fast-paced environment.
• Excellent verbal and written communication skills and comfort working within interdisciplinary teams.
• Commitment to collaborative work within interdisciplinary project teams.

At Vaxess, we’re bringing together exceptional talent to drive our product development forward. We value collaboration, curiosity, and a dynamic work environment. To apply, please submit your CV/resume to

What We Do:

SMK Services, Inc. (SMK) is a Construction Management and Engineering services consultancy based in Belmont, Massachusetts. Our clients include public agencies, professional engineering firms, general contractors, and subcontractors. We provide services in Project Management, Construction Build Strategy, Scheduling, Engineering Support, Construction Estimating, Claims Analysis and Field Services.

With a growing client base and an expanding range of services, SMK is seeking a Senior Construction Scheduler to join our team in the Greater Boston Area.

Company Culture:

SMK is an exciting, collaborative, supportive environment where we take pride in the work we do and celebrate our collective success. We cultivate a strong sense of community, one where colleagues’ voices are valued, growth is encouraged, and leadership remains open and accessible. As our firm continues to expand, the successful candidate will help shape and strengthen SMK’s culture alongside us.

Opportunities for Growth:

SMK is a growing business that is continually evolving, creating meaningful opportunities for employees to grow alongside the company and advance their careers. We actively encourage and support colleagues in developing their careers in areas of the business and industry that align with their interests and passions. SMK offers ongoing professional development opportunities to broaden employee knowledge and ensure our team stays current with the latest industry practices and innovations.

Why SMK

SMK is intentionally built as a close-knit, highly collaborative team where people genuinely know, trust, and support one another. Our size allows for real relationships, open communication, and a workplace where individual contributions are visible and valued.

We pride ourselves on creating a warm, engaging, and supportive environment, one where experienced professionals can do their best work without bureaucracy or being lost in the crowd. Leadership is hands-on and accessible, collaboration is the norm, and we care deeply about both the quality of our work and the well-being of our team.

At SMK, you’re not just filling a role, you’re joining a group of professionals who respect each other’s expertise, enjoy working together, and are committed to growing the firm thoughtfully and sustainably.

The Role:

SMK is seeking a seasoned Senior Construction Scheduler to support and lead scheduling efforts for complex infrastructure and heavy civil design and construction projects, which may include transportation, rail, facilities, multi-modal, and large highway programs. The successful candidate will bring advanced Critical Path Method (CPM) scheduling expertise, deep hands-on experience with Primavera P6, and a proven ability to develop schedules and analyze, manage, and communicate schedule risks, constraints, and construction sequencing.

Ideal Candidate

The ideal candidate is someone who enjoys being trusted to take ownership of their work and is comfortable operating without heavy oversight. They are naturally curious, ask the right questions early, and think several steps ahead when developing or reviewing schedules.

They have the confidence to challenge assumptions, respectfully and constructively, and are comfortable explaining schedule logic, risks, and impacts to both technical and non-technical audiences. Rather than simply updating schedules, they focus on understanding why activities move, where risk is accumulating, and how decisions affect the overall program.

The ideal candidate values clarity, accuracy, and professionalism in written communication and takes pride in producing narratives and analyses that stand up to scrutiny. They are organized, pragmatic, and calm under pressure, with the judgment to prioritize what truly matters when multiple deadlines compete.

Finally, the ideal candidate is someone who appreciates working in a small, close-knit team. They are generous with their knowledge, supportive of colleagues, and motivated by contributing to a respectful, collaborative environment where people genuinely enjoy working together.

Key Responsibilities:

In this role, you will be responsible for a variety of tasks, including:

• Develop, maintain, and manage cost and resource-loaded CPM schedules using Primavera P6 and other scheduling tools.
• Prepare, update, and maintain design and Contract Time Determination schedules in accordance with contract requirements, client procedures, and industry best practices.
• Review designer and contractor schedule submittals, including baseline and re-baseline schedules, monthly updates, Time Impact Analyses, acceleration schedules, and recovery plans, for contractual and technical compliance.
• Perform independent time-impact analyses and review contractor requests for time extensions and delay-related submissions.
• Analyze schedule progress, critical paths, float consumption, and forecasted completion; identify at-risk activities and recommend mitigation strategies.
• Conduct site visits to active heavy civil construction projects to verify progress, document conditions, and perform or review schedule updates.
• Perform “what-if” schedule scenarios to assess impacts to milestones and overall project delivery.
• Prepare clear, well-documented technical reports, narratives, charts, and graphics summarizing schedule analyses and findings.
• Provide quality review of schedule-related reports prepared by others.
• Attend and participate in client progress and scheduling meetings; confidently present schedule updates, analyses, and recommendations.
• Coordinate closely with project managers, designers, contractors, and internal teams to resolve schedule issues and support effective project delivery.
• Support the maintenance and updating of SMK’s company-wide project and program schedules.

Key Attributes:

• Exceptional written, verbal, and organizational skills.
• Demonstrated proficiency in independently authoring clear, well-structured analytical reports and narratives.
• Ability to work independently while also collaborating effectively within a team.
• Strong, intuitive understanding of construction principles, sequencing, and contractor means and methods.
• Professional judgment and confidence to step into client-facing discussions.
• Flexibility with work location within Eastern Massachusetts.
• Willingness to step outside the core role to assist with periodic Project Management tasks as needed.

Qualifications:

A minimum of 6+ years of active civil (heavy) construction scheduling experience (transportation experience preferred), including:

• Developing and updating Contract Time Determination schedules with narrative reports.
• Reviewing and analyzing baseline schedules and monthly progress update schedules developed by others.

Required proficiency in:

• Primavera P6
• Microsoft Excel, Word, and Outlook

Experience with:

• Microsoft PowerPoint
• Bluebeam

Valid driver’s license and access to a personal vehicle

Authorization to work in the United States

Additional Employment Information:

• Full-time salaried position.
• Annual starting salary of $130,000 to $175,000, dependent on experience.
• Paid Time Off.
• Eleven days of holiday pay.
• Generous retirement plan contribution.
• Paid office parking.
• Cell phone allowance.
• Medical and dental insurance.
• Hybrid work structure with remote and in-office days based on workload, collaboration needs, client meetings, training, and experience level.
• Primary work location is office-based, with occasional site visits throughout New England.

Note to Applicants

This is a senior-level role requiring significant experience in Civil (Heavy) Construction scheduling, with Transportation experience preferred. We encourage applicants who closely match the qualifications outlined above to apply. Candidates whose experience does not align with the requirements will not be considered at this time.

Equal Employment Opportunity Statement:

SMK provides equal employment opportunity in employment and advancement for all persons regardless of race, religion, color, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, status as a protected veteran and persons with a disability, at all employment levels, including the executive level. We do not and will not discriminate against any applicant or employee regardless of race, religion, color, national origin, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, status as a protected veteran and persons with a disability for any position for which the applicant or employee is qualified. Such affirmative action shall apply to all employment practices, including, but not limited to hiring, upgrading, demotion or transfer, recruitment, recruitment advertising, layoff or termination, rates of pay or other forms of compensation, and selection for training, including apprenticeship and on-the-job training.

We are looking for an experienced industrial property and building manager to join our client's real estate development team. Candidates must live in or near the Fitchburg, Wilmington, or Billerica area to be considered.

Key Responsibilities

• Own day-to-day operations of assigned properties, including full financial and physical performance
• Serve as primary point of contact for tenants; oversee vendor coordination and issue resolution
• Manage property financials including payables/receivables, budget development, variance tracking, and reporting
• Lead annual operating and capital budget preparation
• Conduct and formalize comprehensive inspection programs (weekly, monthly, quarterly, annual)
• Review and approve annual lease reconciliations and tenant estimates
• Interpret and negotiate commercial lease language and vendor contracts
• Bid, negotiate, award, and oversee service contracts in alignment with company standards
• Monitor vendor performance to ensure compliance with contractual and service-level expectations
• Partner with accounting to ensure accurate, timely reporting and contract compliance
• Oversee tenant improvements and capital projects from construction through move-in, ensuring lease compliance and smooth transition
• Support acquisitions and dispositions, including due diligence coordination with development and construction teams
• Ensure compliance with company policies, regulatory requirements, and governmental directives
• Represent the company professionally in all internal and external interactions

Qualifications

• Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration or related field preferred
• 3+ years of commercial property management experience
• Strong understanding of budgeting, lease analysis, and building operations
• Experience negotiating commercial leases and vendor contracts
• Ability to manage multiple priorities and exercise sound judgment in a fast-paced environment
• Strong analytical, organizational, and delegation skills
• Proficiency in Microsoft Office; experience with Yardi and/or Building Engines preferred
• Excellent written and verbal communication skills
• Proven ability to build strong tenant relationships and deliver high-quality service
• Self-directed with the ability to work independently and collaboratively